Again Computing limits

Calculus Level 3

Let { a n } \{a_n \} be a sequence of real numbers such that e a n + n a n = 2 e^{a_{n}}+ na_{n}=2 for all positive integers n n . Compute the limit

lim n n ( 1 n a n ) \lim_{n \to \infty} n(1-na_{n})

Enter 5555 as your answer if the limit does not exists.


The answer is 1.

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1 solution

Kushal Bose
Nov 25, 2016

Let start with the condition given e a n + n a n = 2 e^{a_n} + n a_n=2

The exponential part is increasing and in the second part n n is increasing.But the total value is always constant So, a n a_n should have a decreasing value.Then a n a_n is a decreasing sequence. i.e. a n > a n + 1 a_n > a_{n+1} .

If a n < 0 e a n < 1 and n a n < 0 a_n <0 \implies e^{a_n}<1 \,\, \text{and}\,\, n a_n<0 .So e a n + n a n < 1 e^{a_n} +n a_n<1 that contradicts with the question.So, a n > 0 a_n>0 .

The sequence a n a_n is decreasing and bounded below.So it is a convergent sequence.The limiting value will be the infimum value of the set .

So, lim n a n = 0 \lim_{n \to \infty} a_n=0

Taking limits in the condition we get e lim n a n + lim n n a n = 2 e^{\lim_{n \to \infty} a_n} + \lim_{n \to \infty} n a_n=2

So, lim n n a n = 1 \lim_{n \to \infty} n a_n=1 .

e a n + n a n = 2 e a n 1 = 1 n a n e^{a_n} + n a_n=2 \\ \implies e^{a_n}-1=1-n a_n

Now lim n n ( 1 n a n ) = lim n n ( e a n 1 ) = lim n e a n 1 a n × lim n n a n = 1 × 1 = 1 \lim_{n \to \infty} n(1-n a_n) \\ =\lim_{n \to \infty} n(e^{a_n}-1) \\ =\lim_{n \to \infty} \dfrac{e^{a_n}-1}{a_n} \times \lim_{n \to \infty} n a_n \\ =1 \times 1=1

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