Find the sum of all distinct values of g cd ( 2 n + 3 , 3 n − 6 ) , where n is a positive integer.
Notation: g cd ( ⋅ , ⋅ ) denotes the greatest common divisor function.
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The proof is incomplete. You have to show that each of 1 , 2 , 7 , 2 1 occurs.
Using the Euclidean algorithm we get: gcd(2n+3, 3n-6)=gcd(2n+3, n-9)= gcd(21, n-9). We notice that the maximum value of this expression is 21, so the gcd must divide 21. The list of numbers that divide 21 is: 1, 3, 7, 21. Adding all of these numbers we get the answer, which is 32
Let d be a common divisor of ( 2 n + 3 ) and ( 3 n − 6 ) .
Then, d ∣ ( 2 n + 3 ) ⟹ d ∣ 3 ( 2 n + 3 ) ⟹ d ∣ ( 6 n + 9 ) .
d ∣ ( 3 n − 6 ) ⟹ d ∣ 2 ( 3 n − 6 ) ⟹ d ∣ ( 6 n − 1 2 ) .
As d ∣ ( 6 n + 9 ) and d ∣ ( 6 n − 1 2 ) , then d ∣ ( 6 n + 9 ) − ( 6 n − 1 2 ) ⟹ d ∣ 2 1 .
Now, we show that every divisor of 2 1 is possible as a value of g c d ( 2 n + 3 , 3 n − 6 ) .
For n = 9 , g c d ( 2 n + 3 , 3 n − 6 ) = g c d ( 2 1 , 2 1 ) = 2 1 .
For n = 1 6 , g c d ( 2 n + 3 , 3 n − 6 ) = g c d ( 3 5 , 4 7 ) = 7 .
For n = 1 2 , g c d ( 2 n + 3 , 3 n − 6 ) = g c d ( 2 7 , 3 0 ) = 3 .
For n = 1 0 , g c d ( 2 n + 3 , 3 n − 6 ) = g c d ( 2 3 , 2 4 ) = 1 .
So, 1 + 3 + 7 + 2 1 = 3 2 is the answer.
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Relevant wiki: Extended Euclidean Algorithm
By Euclid's Algorithm
g cd ( 2 n + 3 , 3 n − 6 ) = g cd ( 3 n − 6 − 2 n − 3 , 2 n + 3 ) = g cd ( n − 9 , 2 n + 3 ) = g cd ( n − 9 , n + 1 2 ) = g cd ( n − 9 , 2 1 ) .
So, the gcd can be ≤ 2 1 .Possible values of gcd 's are = 1 , 3 , 7 , 2 1
Case(1): When g cd = 1
g cd ( 2 n + 3 , 3 n − 6 ) = g cd ( 2 n + 3 ) , 3 ( n − 2 ) ) The 2 n + 3 is always odd if n − 2 is even and n = 3 k then their gcd will be 1 .
Case(2) When gcd will be 3
if n = 3 k then both numbers 2 n + 3 and 3 n − 6 will always have gcd 3
Case(3) When gcd will be 7
So 7 ∣ 2 n + 3 and 7 ∣ 3 n − 6 .From simple observation n = 2 , 9 , 1 6 . . . will be solutions So n = 7 k − 5 then gcd will be always 7
Case(4) When gcd will be 2 1
So, 2 1 ∣ 2 n + 3 and 2 1 ∣ 3 n − 6 Again from observation n = 9 , 3 0 , 5 1 , . . . . . then n = 2 1 k − 1 2 .Here gcd will be 2 1
Therefore, possiblle gcd will be 1 , 3 , 7 , 2 1 Sum is 3 2