Given the equation above, where lies in the interval . Find the sum of all integral values of such that equation above has 2 distinct real roots and two complex roots.
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First of all take f ( x ) = x 4 + 4 x 3 − 8 x 2
Differentiate w.r.t. x
f ′ ( x ) = 4 x 3 + 1 2 x 2 − 1 6 x = 4 x ( x 2 + 3 x − 4 ) = 4 x ( x + 4 ) ( x − 1 )
Taking f ′ ( x ) = 0 .There are solutions x = 0 , 1 , − 4
Now f ′ ′ ( x ) = 1 2 x 2 + 2 4 x − 1 6 .
f ( 0 ) = − 1 6 > 0 , f ( 1 ) = 3 0 > 0 , f ( − 4 ) = 8 0 > 0 .So, x = 0 has a maxima and x = 1 , − 4 have mimima.
The function is decreasing in [ 0 , 1 ] and increasing in [ 1 , ∞ ) .Again f ( x ) increasing in [ − 4 , 0 ] and decreasing in ( − ∞ , − 4 ] .
f ( 1 ) = − 3 and f ( − 4 ) = − 1 2 8
Now if a integral constant k is added with this function.the value of the function will get increase.Geometrically the graph of the function will be shifted upward according to the value of k .At k = 0 f(x) has four real zeroes.If we shift the function such a way there will be only be two roots then automatically other two roots will be complex as there are real co-efficients.
Here f ( 1 ) = − 3 .If k = 4 then the minima part will be above X-axis.The other minima part is still below X-axis.They are contributing two real roots. So minimum value of k = 4 .Now increase the value of k untill the second minima part should not touch the X-axis.The value of second minima is 1 2 8 .So ,it can be increased up to k = 1 2 7 so that it will still below X-axis.
So the values of k are 4 , 5 , 6 , ⋯ 1 2 6 , 1 2 7 .
The sum is 8 1 2 2