Algebra Problem No.6

Algebra Level 3

How many 4-digit positive integers n n satisfy the following statement?

( 2 n + 3 n ) 2020 < ( 2 2020 + 3 2020 ) n (2^n + 3^n)^{2020} < (2^{2020} + 3^{2020})^n


The answer is 7979.

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1 solution

The inequality is:

( 2 n + 3 n ) 2020 < ( 2 2020 + 3 2020 ) n \displaystyle (2^n + 3^n)^{2020} < (2^{2020} + 3^{2020})^n

2020 ln ( 2 n + 3 n ) < n ln ( 2 2020 + 3 2020 ) \displaystyle \iff 2020\ln{(2^n + 3^n)} < n\ln{(2^{2020} + 3^{2020})}

ln ( 2 n + 3 n ) n < ln ( 2 2020 + 3 2020 ) 2020 \displaystyle \iff \frac{\ln{(2^n + 3^n)}}{n} < \frac{\ln{(2^{2020} + 3^{2020})}}{2020}

We have the function f ( x ) = ln ( 2 x + 3 x ) x \displaystyle f(x) = \frac{\ln{(2^x + 3^x)}}{x} is a monotonically decreasing function.

So f ( n ) < f ( 2020 ) n > 2020 n [ 2021 ; 9999 ] \displaystyle f(n) < f(2020) \iff n > 2020 \implies n \in [2021;9999] \implies there are 7979 \blue{\boxed{7979}} numbers.

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