Almost A Square, But Not Quite

Geometry Level 5

Suppose A , B , C A, B, C and D D are 4 points in space that lie on the same plane, with A B C D ABCD being a quadrilateral. There are 2 perpendicular planes Π 1 \Pi_1 and Π 2 \Pi_2 , such that the orthogonal projections of A B C D ABCD onto these planes form a square of area 123 123 each. If A B = 12 , |AB|=12, what is the perimeter of A B C D ABCD to 1 decimal place?


The answer is 54.0.

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3 solutions

Patrick Corn
May 9, 2014

I put coordinates on everything: wlog A = ( 0 , 0 , 0 ) A = (0,0,0) and the planes are x = 0 x = 0 and y = 0 y = 0 . If B = ( b 1 , b 2 , b 3 ) B = (b_1, b_2, b_3) , then b 2 2 + b 3 2 = 123 b_2^2 + b_3^2 = 123 , b 1 2 + b 3 2 = 123 b_1^2 + b_3^2 = 123 , and b 1 2 + b 2 2 + b 3 2 = 144 b_1^2 + b_2^2 + b_3^2 = 144 . So b 1 2 = b 2 2 = 21 b_1^2 = b_2^2 = 21 and b 3 2 = 102 b_3^2 = 102 . After some reflections, we can assume that B = ( 21 , 21 , 102 ) B = (\sqrt{21}, \sqrt{21}, \sqrt{102}) .

Proceeding similarly (and using reflections to choose signs wlog), we can get D = ( 102 , 102 , 21 ) D = (-\sqrt{102},-\sqrt{102},\sqrt{21}) and C = ( 21 102 , 21 102 , 21 + 102 ) C = ( \sqrt{21}-\sqrt{102},\sqrt{21}-\sqrt{102},\sqrt{21}+\sqrt{102}) . Then A B = C D = 12 AB = CD = 12 and B C = A D = 15 BC=AD=15 , so the sum is 54 \fbox{54} .

I'm sure there is a much nicer solution...?

Same, but I didn't even bother with the exact junk. I just split it up into little 2-dimensional parts and solved. :P

Finn Hulse - 7 years, 1 month ago

Same method, nice soluttion @Patrick Corn

Mardokay Mosazghi - 7 years, 1 month ago

I did the same :)

Himanshu Arora - 7 years ago

first AB=(123)^0.5 ; AD=AB/ SIN 45 = (246)^0.5 ; when AB = 12 it is >(123)^0.5 ; so let denote new AB WITH A1B1 ; in traingle A A1 D ; AA1=[ 12-(123)^0.5 ]/2 ; A1D = [AD^2 + AA1^2 ]^0.5 =15.69 ; SO perimeter = 12+ 2* 15.69 +(123)^0.5 =54.47

Ujjwal Rane
Nov 14, 2014

Imgur Imgur I too got the same answer first (approx 54), by dividing the projected area = 123 sqrt(2) by 12. But then thought it may not be correct for the following -

To get the side AB = 12 for ABCD (which has to be a parallelogram), the projections A1B1 and A2B2 of AB on the two planes, cannot be parallel to the line of intersection (the 'fold line') of the two planes. Because that would make ABCD a rectangle with two of the sides equal to sqrt(123) and other two sqrt(2) times that.

So let theta = angle made by one side of the square with the 'fold line'. and

L = side of the squares = sqrt(123).Then 12 = L 2 cos 2 θ + L 2 sin 2 θ + L 2 sin 2 θ 12 = \sqrt{L^2 \cos^2 \theta + L^2 \sin^2 \theta + L^2 \sin^2 \theta} θ = sin 1 144 123 1 = 24.4 \theta = \sin^-1 \sqrt{\frac{144}{123}-1} = 24.4 If phi = 90 - theta, then the other sides (AD & BC) of the parallelogram ABCD would be A D = L 2 cos 2 ϕ + L 2 sin 2 ϕ + L 2 sin 2 ϕ = 15 AD = \sqrt{L^2 \cos^2 \phi + L^2 \sin^2 \phi + L^2 \sin^2 \phi} = 15 Giving the perimeter = 2(12+15) = 54

So the perimeter is exactly and not approximately 54 as I initially thought.

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