α \alpha - particle

An α \alpha particle enters normally in a uniform magnetic field of 0.1 T 0.1 \hspace{0.2 cm}T spread in a region of thickness 0.1 m 0.1 \hspace{0.2 cm} m with a kinetic energy of 20 , 000 e V 20,000 \hspace{0.2 cm} eV . Find the change in its direction of motion (in degrees).


The answer is 30.

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1 solution

Tapas Mazumdar
Aug 27, 2017

By angle chasing, we find that the required angle θ \theta can be expressed as

θ = arcsin ( d R ) \theta = \arcsin \left( \dfrac{d}{R} \right)

where R = m α v q α B = 2 m α K q α B R = \dfrac{m_{\alpha} v}{q_{\alpha} B} = \dfrac{\sqrt{2 m_{\alpha} K}}{q_{\alpha} B} is the radius of the circular path followed by the alpha particle inside the magnetic field.

Thus

θ = arcsin ( q α B d 2 m α K ) \theta = \arcsin \left( \dfrac{q_{\alpha} B d}{\sqrt{2 m_{\alpha} K}} \right)

Substituting

{ q α = 2 × 1.6 × 1 0 19 C B = 0.1 T d = 0.1 m m α = 4 × 1.67 × 1 0 27 kg K = ( 2 × 1 0 4 ) × 1.6 × 1 0 19 J \begin{cases} q_{\alpha} = 2 \times 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \text{ C} \\ B = 0.1 \text{ T} \\ d = 0.1 \text{ m} \\ m_{\alpha} = 4 \times 1.67 \times 10^{-27} \text{ kg} \\ K = \left( 2 \times 10^4 \right) \times 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \text{ J} \end{cases}

we get

θ = arcsin ( 0.4894 ) arcsin ( 0.5 ) = 3 0 \theta = \arcsin(0.4894) \approx \arcsin(0.5) = \boxed{30^{\circ}}

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