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Algebra Level 3

If Arithmetic Mean of a , b : ( a , b ) Z a , b : (a,b) \in Z exceeds their Geometric Mean by 3 2 \dfrac{3}{2} and their Geometric Mean exceeds their Harmonic Mean by 6 5 \dfrac{6}{5} , then a 2 + b 2 = ? a^2+b^2 = ?


The answer is 153.

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1 solution

The question denotes two equations:

(1) a + b 2 3 2 = a b \frac{a + b}{2} - \frac{3}{2} = \sqrt{ab} (2) a b 6 5 = 2 1 a + 1 b \sqrt{ab} - \frac{6}{5} = \frac{2}{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}}

Simplifying equation 2 we get

a b 6 5 = 2 a b a + b \sqrt{ab} - \frac{6}{5} = \frac{2ab}{a+b}

Then, subtracting equation 1 from equation 2, we get a b 6 5 = 2 a b a + b a b 3 2 = a + b 2 \begin{array}{lcl} \sqrt{ab} - \frac{6}{5} = \frac{2ab}{a+b} \\ -\sqrt{ab} -\frac{3}{2} = -\frac{a+b}{2} \end{array} 27 10 = 2 a b a + b a + b 2 -\frac{27}{10} = \frac{2ab}{a+b} - \frac{a+b}{2} Simplifying and combining terms 27 10 = 4 a b 2 ( a + b ) ( a + b ) 2 2 ( a + b ) -\frac{27}{10} = \frac{4ab}{2(a+b)} - \frac{(a+b)^{2}}{2(a+b)} 27 10 = 4 a b a 2 2 a b b 2 2 ( a + b ) -\frac{27}{10} = \frac{4ab - a^{2} -2ab - b^{2}}{2(a+b)} 27 10 = a 2 + 2 a b b 2 2 ( a + b ) -\frac{27}{10} = \frac{- a^{2} +2ab - b^{2}}{2(a+b)}

(3) a 2 + b 2 = 27 5 a + 27 5 b + 2 a b a^{2} + b^{2} = \frac{27}{5}a + \frac{27}{5}b +2ab

Let's call this previous result equation 3. Now we are going to head back and manipulate equation 1 to find a suitable result. Squaring equation one and rearranging results in

(4) a 2 + b 2 = 2 a b + 6 a + 6 b 9 a^{2} + b^{2} = 2ab +6a +6b -9 Subtracting equation 3 from equation 4 result in a 2 + b 2 = 6 a + 6 b + 2 a b 9 a 2 + b 2 = 27 5 a + 27 5 b 2 a b \begin{array}{lcl} a^{2} + b^{2} = 6a +6b + 2ab -9 \\ -a^{2} + -b^{2} = -\frac{27}{5}a + -\frac{27}{5}b -2ab\end{array} 0 = 3 5 a + 3 5 b 9 0 = \frac{3}{5}a + \frac{3}{5}b - 9 a + b = 15 a + b = 15

Plugging this result back into equation 1 we get 15 2 3 2 = a b \frac{15}{2} - \frac{3}{2} = \sqrt{ab} 6 = a b 6 = \sqrt{ab} a b = 36 ab = 36 Squaring a + b = 15 a + b = 15 results in a 2 + b 2 = 225 2 a b a^2 + b^2 = 225 -2ab Substituting in a b = 36 ab = 36 we get a 2 + b 2 = 225 72 = 153 a^2 + b^2 = 225 -72 = \boxed{153}

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