AM-GM inequality only!

Algebra Level 3

Positive reals a a , b b , and c c are such that a + b + c = 1 a+b+c=1 . What is the minimum value of the expression below?

1 a ( a + 1 ) + 1 b ( b + 1 ) + 1 c ( c + 1 ) \frac{1}{a(a+1)}+\frac{1}{b(b+1)}+\frac{1}{c(c+1)}


The answer is 6.75.

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2 solutions

Jonas Mantek
Jun 30, 2019

The function 1 x ( x + 1 ) \frac{1}{x(x+1)} approaches infinity near x = 0 x = 0 and decreases diminishingly, so naturally a, b, and c must each be as far away from 0 as possible, therefore a = b = c = 1 3 a = b = c = \frac{1}{3} . I also want to mention that the problem should specifiy that a, b, and c must be positive, because with very large negative numbers and and positive numbers that add up to 1, the value approaches zero

Mohammed Imran
Apr 4, 2020

Here's my solution:

Let f ( x ) = 1 x ( x + 1 ) f(x)=\frac{1}{x(x+1)} . Since f " ( x ) = 1 [ a ( a + 1 ) ] 4 f"(x)=\frac{1}{[a(a+1)]^4} , f ( x ) f(x) is a convex function. And hence, by Jensen's Inequality, we have f ( a + b + c 3 ) f ( a ) + f ( b ) + f ( c ) 3 f(\frac{a+b+c}{3}) \leq \frac{f(a)+f(b)+f(c)}{3} so, we have c y c 1 a ( a + 1 ) 27 4 = 6.75 \sum_{cyc} \frac{1}{a(a+1)} \geq \frac{27}{4}=\boxed{6.75}

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