An algebra problem by Jayanta Mandi

Algebra Level 3

For real numbers a a and b b such that a > b > 0 a>b>0 , what is the minimum value of

a + 1 b ( a b ) ? a+\frac{1}{b(a-b)} ?


The answer is 3.

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5 solutions

Jayanta Mandi
Jun 14, 2014

a + 1 b ( a b ) = ( a b ) + b + 1 b ( a b ) a + \frac{1}{b(a-b)} =(a-b)+b+\frac{1}{b(a-b)}

Now applying A M G M AM \geq GM a + 1 b ( a b ) = ( a b ) + b + 1 b ( a b ) 3 ( a b ) b 1 b ( a b ) 3 = 3 a + \frac{1}{b(a-b)} =(a-b)+b+\frac{1}{b(a-b)} \geq 3\sqrt[3]{(a-b) b \frac{1}{b(a-b)}} =3

The equality holds if a b = b = 1 b ( a b ) a-b=b=\frac{1}{b(a-b)}

Can u elaborate your solution a little bit more? Am not able to see through the answer.

arun kaushik - 6 years, 12 months ago

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AM-GM says that for n n variables a 1 , a 2 , . . . , a n a_1, a_2, ..., a_n that

a 1 + a 2 + . . . + a n n a 1 a 2 . . . a n n \frac{a_1+a_2+...+a_n}{n} \ge \sqrt[n]{a_1a_2...a_n}

For three variables this is x + y + z 3 x y z 3 \frac{x+y+z}{3} \ge \sqrt[3]{xyz}

Kaan Dokmeci - 6 years, 12 months ago

Nice man this is a brilliant use of AM-GM inequality.

Milly Choochoo - 6 years, 12 months ago

I saw this on Alcumus.

Krish Shah - 1 year, 1 month ago
Finn Hulse
Jun 17, 2014

It is ideal that you rewrite the expression as @Jayanta Mandi has done. This is

b + ( a b ) + 1 b ( a b ) b+(a-b)+\dfrac{1}{b(a-b)}

By the AM-GM Inequality,

( b + ( a b ) + 1 b ( a b ) ) / 3 b ( a b ) 1 b ( a b ) 3 (b+(a-b)+\dfrac{1}{b(a-b)})/3 \geq \sqrt[3]{b(a-b)\dfrac{1}{b(a-b)}}

Notice how in the RHS, the b ( a b ) b(a-b) cancels out. This leaves

( b + ( a b ) + 1 b ( a b ) ) / 3 1 3 (b+(a-b)+\dfrac{1}{b(a-b)})/3 \geq \sqrt[3]{1}

Multiplying by 3 3 and rearranging we see that

a + 1 b ( a b ) 3 a+\dfrac{1}{b(a-b)} \geq \boxed{3}

Great problem! :D

Kaan Dokmeci
Jun 15, 2014

A calc bashing solution:

Differentiate our expression with respect to a a and get

1 1 b ( a b ) 2 1-\frac{1}{b(a-b)^2}

and setting to zero gives b ( a b ) 2 = 1 b(a-b)^2=1 (note this is the equality situation in Jayanta's solution). Solving, a = b + 1 b a=b+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}} and plugging in our expression we wish to minimize we want to minimize

b + 2 b b+\frac{2}{\sqrt{b}}

We can proceed by differentiating again or by using AM-GM. Either way, we find the expression is minimized when b = 1 b=1 and our answer is 3.

Firstly, I believe this is an algebra problem so Calculus is not allowed.Also, it's much easier with AM-GM.

Bogdan Simeonov - 6 years, 12 months ago

na na, every alternate is appreciated, your job is good too

Jayant Kumar - 6 years, 12 months ago

i did it with am - gm

akash deep - 6 years, 12 months ago
Jaber Al-arbash
Oct 5, 2014

to find the minimum numbers. assume a =2, b =1 ( since a>b>0)

2+(1/1) = 3

Shithil Islam
Feb 21, 2016

I don't do the sum by theorem. I think, If a>b>0 then b=1 (1 is greater than 0) and a=2 (2 is greater than 1). Then I sit the value of a,b and I found 2.Then I think how this problem is in level 3!! hehehe:):)

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