6 lo g 5 x lo g 3 ( x 5 ) − 5 lo g 6 6 x lo g 3 ( 3 x ) = 6 lo g 5 5 x − 5 lo g 6 x
If the sum of the solutions to the equation above is equal to a c b + d ,
where a , b , c and d are all positive integers with b and c are coprime, what is the smallest possible value of a b c + d ?
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Nice little problem. I do think though that you should specify that a, b, c, d are positive integers; otherwise the answer is actually 4 . 7 3 7 1 9 2 8 1 9 . . . = 3 . 7 3 7 1 9 2 8 1 9 1 1 + 1 .
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Fixed it. Thanks!
Let y = lo g ( x ) where l o g refers to the natural logarithm. The expression is equivalent to:
( 6 lo g ( y ) y ) ( lo g ( 3 ) 5 y ) − ( 5 ( lo g ( 6 ) y + 1 ) ) ( lo g ( 3 ) y − 1 ) = 6 ( lo g ( 5 ) y + 1 ) − 5 lo g ( 6 ) y
6 lo g ( 5 ) y ( lo g ( 3 ) 5 y − 6 ) = 5 lo g ( 6 ) y ( lo g ( 3 ) 5 y − 6 )
( 6 lo g ( 5 ) y − 5 lo g ( 6 ) y ) ( lo g ( 3 ) 5 y − 6 ) = 0
( 6 lo g ( 5 ) y − 5 lo g ( 6 ) y ) = 0 o r ( lo g ( 3 ) 5 y − 6 ) = 0
( lo g ( 3 ) 5 y − 6 ) = 0 ⇒ y = 5 6 lo g ( 3 ) = lo g ( 3 5 6 )
6 lo g ( 5 ) y − 5 lo g ( 6 ) y = 0 ⇒ 6 lo g ( 5 ) y = 5 lo g ( 6 ) y ⇒ lo g ( 5 ) y lo g ( 6 ) = lo g ( 6 ) y lo g ( 5 )
⋯ ⇒ lo g 2 ( 6 ) y = lo g 2 ( 5 ) y ⇒ y = 0
y = 0 , y = lo g ( 3 5 6 ) ⇒ x = 1 , x = 3 5 6
3 5 6 + 1 = a c b + d ⇒ a = 3 , b = 6 , c = 5 , d = 1
a b c + d = 3 × 6 × 5 + 1 = 9 1
Note: I have used:
lo g a ( b ) = lo g ( a ) lo g ( b )
Good clear explanation.
Be careful with the way you write up a solution, especially if you're not adding any lines of explanation. You do not want people to be questioning "Why must we only have lo g 3 5 y − 6 = 0 ?", and then several lines later mention that "Oh, we could also have 6 A = 5 B ". It is best to convince your reader that you're aware of what you're doing, instead of making them second guess what you wrote. It is cleaner to just present the factorized version and use the zero product property directly.
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Thanks for the feedback, think I have made improvements.
Sir, do you think this question deserves level 5?
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Relevant wiki: Logarithmic Functions - Problem Solving - Hard
Thus a b c + d = 9 0 + 1 = 9 1