An infinite function is asked an uninfinite question that may hold an infinite answer

Algebra Level 3

f ( x ) = 1 x + 1 x 2 + 1 x 3 + . . . f\left( x \right) =\frac { 1 }{ x } +\frac { 1 }{ { x }^{ 2 } } +\frac { 1 }{ { x }^{ 3 } } +\quad ... . Determine f 1 ( 2015 ) f^{ -1 }\left( 2015 \right)

\infty 1 2017 2016 \frac { 2017 }{ 2016 } 2015 2014 \frac { 2015 }{ 2014 } 0 2016 2015 \frac { 2016 }{ 2015 }

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2 solutions

Mikhaella Layos
Apr 5, 2015

This solution has two parts:

PART 1: REWRITING f ( x ) f(x) TO A SHORTER FORM

f ( x ) f(x) can be rewitten as: f ( x ) = ( 1 x ) + ( 1 x ) 2 + ( 1 x ) 3 + f(x)= \left ( \frac { 1 }{ x } \right) +\left ( \cfrac { 1 }{ x } \right) ^{ 2 }+\left ( \cfrac { 1 }{ x } \right) ^{ 3 }+\dots Notice that f ( x ) f(x) is actually the sum of an infinite geometric sequence (based on the above equation) with a first term and common ratio ( 1 x ) \left ( \frac { 1 }{ x } \right )

By using the formula for the sum of an infinite geometric sequence, S = f i r s t t e r m 1 c o m m o n r a t i o , f ( x ) S_{\infty}= \frac { first\space term }{1 - common\space ratio }, f(x) can be expressed as: f ( x ) = ( 1 x ) 1 ( 1 x ) f(x)=\frac { \left( \cfrac { 1 }{ x } \right) }{ 1-\left( \cfrac { 1 }{ x } \right) } Which can be simplified to become: f ( x ) = 1 x 1 f(x)=\cfrac { 1 }{ x-1 }

PART 2: GETTING THE INVERSE OF f ( x ) f(x)

To get the inverse of a function, f ( x ) f(x) will be substituted by x x and x x will be replaced by f 1 ( x ) f^{-1}(x) Then, we have: x = 1 f 1 ( x ) 1 x=\frac { 1 }{ f^{ -1 }(x)-1 } Manipulating this equation gives: f 1 ( x ) = 1 + x x { f }^{ -1 }(x)=\cfrac { 1+x }{ x } Therefore, f 1 ( 2015 ) = 1 + 2015 2015 = 2016 2015 { f }^{ -1 }(2015)=\cfrac { 1+2015 }{ 2015 } =\boxed { \cfrac { 2016 }{ 2015 } }

Mukul Sharma
Apr 3, 2015

Its an infinite g.p. Use the formula for infinite g.p And you will get the answer x = 2016/2015

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