A strictly increasing and continuous function intersects with its inverse at points and , where and are integers.
If , find .
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Let us take note of this integral:
∫ a b f ( x ) d x + ∫ f ( a ) f ( b ) f − 1 ( x ) d x = b f ( b ) − a f ( a )
Well, it looks like this, graphically..
Now, the points ( a , f ( a ) ) and ( b , f ( b ) ) are, as stated in the problem, the intersections of the given function f ( x ) and its inverse f − 1 ( x ) . Since every function's inverse is its reflection over the line y = x , the intersections are undoubtedly part of this line. This will mean that f ( a ) = a and f ( b ) = b .
So now we know what f ( a ) and f ( b ) are.. And that simplifies the above integral as
∫ a b [ f ( x ) d x + f − 1 ( x ) ] d x = b 2 − a 2
So now, we get this
b 2 − a 2 = 1 7
knowing that both a and b are integers, so should be the factors of b 2 − a 2 .
since 17 is prime, then...
( b − a ) ( b + a ) = 1 7
can be broken down to a system such that
b − a = 1 b + a = 1 7
or vice versa.. For this case, it will give us b = 9 and a = 8 , so that ∣ a × b ∣ = 7 2