A problem by Suhas B.R

Level pending

The sum of the digits of any two- digit number subtracted from that number gives a multiple of _ _ ?


The answer is 9.

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3 solutions

Ajinkya Bokade
Dec 15, 2013

EVERY TWO-DIGIT NUMBER CAN BE REPRESENTED IN THE FORM 10A+B. THE SUM OF DIGITS OF THIS TWO DIGIT NUMBER IS A+B. THERE THE SUM OF THE DIGITS SUBTRACTED FROM THE TWO-DIGIT NUMBER IS 10A+B-A-B=9A. THEREFORE THE SUM OF THE DIGITS OF ANY TWO-DIGIT NUMBER SUBTRACTED FROM THAT NUMBER GIVES A MULTIPLE OF 9.

Jubayer Nirjhor
Dec 15, 2013

( a , b ) N 0 (a,b)\in\mathbb{N_0} , such that ( a , b ) < 10 (a,b)<10 form two digit numbers 10 a + b 10a+b . So, the digit sum is a + b a+b . According to the question, we have... 10 a + b ( a + b ) = 9 a 10a+b-(a+b)=9a

Hence, it's a multiple of 9 \fbox{9} .

Ben Frankel
Dec 15, 2013

A two digit number can be written as 10 a + b 10a + b where a a is the ten's place and b b is the one's place. The sum of digits of this number is then a + b a + b . Subtracting this from the number itself gives:

10 a + b a b = 9 a 10a + b - a - b = 9a

So the answer is 9 \fbox{9} . (Though 3 is also a possible answer to this question).

In fact, any number at all with any amount of digits satisfies this relation. For example, for a four-digit number 1000 a + 100 b + 10 c + d 1000a + 100b + 10c + d , and a sum of digits a + b + c + d a + b + c + d , 1000 a + 100 b + 10 c + d a b c d = 999 a + 99 b + 9 c 1000a + 100b + 10c + d - a - b - c - d = 999a + 99b + 9c , which is a multiple of 9 as well.

Also, though this is irrelevant, in any base b b , the sum of digits subtracted from a number is divisible by b 1 b - 1 (and all of b 1 b - 1 's factors).

Ben Frankel - 7 years, 5 months ago

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