An Oblique Cut through a Square Column

Geometry Level 3

An infinite column is centered along the z z -axis. It has a square cross-section of side length 10. It is cut by the plane 4 x 7 y + 4 z = 25. 4x - 7y + 4z = 25.

What is the area of the surface cut?


The answer is 225.

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3 solutions

In my opinion the easiest way to tackle is determine the normal vector to the cut and then find the cosine that form that normal vector with axis. Once you get the cosine, we divide the area of the base by the cosine and we get the sought area.

Fortunately the data are so gentle that you even do not need a pencil, the unit vector normal to the plane is 4/9i -7/9j+4/9k so scalar product give us the value of the cosine 4/9 then the area will be 100/(4/9) equal to 225.

Michael Mendrin
Mar 24, 2015

Consider the plane equation x + 7 4 y = z x+\frac{7}{4}y=-z , so that the line of steepest descent through the origin ( 0 , 0 ) \left( 0,0 \right) projected onto the x y xy plane is the line y = 7 4 x y=\frac { 7 }{ 4 }x . Letting x = 1 x=1 , we have y = 7 4 y=\frac { 7 }{ 4 } and z = 1 + 7 4 y = 65 16 -z=1+\frac { 7 }{ 4 } y=\frac { 65 }{ 16 } so that we can compute the ratio of the area of the cross section with that of the square base

1 + ( 7 4 ) 2 + ( 65 16 ) 2 1 + ( 7 4 ) 2 = 2.25 \dfrac { \sqrt { 1+{ \left( \frac { 7 }{ 4 } \right) }^{ 2 }+{ \left( -\frac { 65 }{ 16 } \right) }^{ 2 } } }{ \sqrt { 1+{ \left( \frac { 7 }{ 4 } \right) }^{ 2 } } } =2.25

Thus we immediately have the answer 225 225

The constant 25 25 is superfluous to this problem and can be any constant.

wouldn't the answer change if i were to rotate the column about the z- axis because a square has limited symmetry lines? when i solved this problem, i assumed the 4 lines that defined the infinite column were lines that went through (x,y) = (5, 5), (5,-5), (-5,-5), (-5,5) and were parallel to the z-axis. i got the wrong answer, but isn't that assumption valid for it does not go against the conditions of the problem?

Willia Chang - 4 years, 11 months ago

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The area will not change even after rotation about the Z axis and that is because the area of the 'cut face' has the same projection on the XY plane (100 area units) AND it make the same angle with the XY plane even after rotation. See the solution posted by @Mariano PerezdelaCruz below

Ujjwal Rane - 4 years, 11 months ago
Muhammad Morrsi
Apr 6, 2015

10x10x(1+(4/4)^2+(-7/4)^2)^0.5 =225

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