i 0 ! + i 1 ! + i 2 ! + ⋯ + i 1 0 0 ! = ?
Clarifications :
i = − 1 .
! denotes the factorial notation. For example, 8 ! = 1 × 2 × 3 × ⋯ × 8 .
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Or you can use the fact that i 4 =1 and no need for Euler !
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Ya you can. I change complex numbers into polar form out of habit.
i n = 1 if n ≡ 0 ( m o d 4 ) . Additionally, if x ≥ 4 then 4 ∣ x ! . The summation can be rewritten as
= i 0 ! + i 1 ! + i 2 ! + i 3 ! + 1 ⋅ 9 7 = i + i − 1 − 1 + 9 7 = 9 5 + 2 i
Precisely as I did it
Using i^{4k} = i^4 = 1 where k is a positive integer, you can break the sum into i^{0!}+i^{1!}+i^{2!}+i^{3!}+(100-3) = i+i+(-1)+(-1)+97 = 95 + 2i.
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Using Eulers formula:
i = e i 2 π
Substituting this for i:
( e i 2 π ) 0 ! + ( e i 2 π ) 1 ! + ( e i 2 π ) 2 ! + ( e i 2 π ) 4 ! + ... + ( e i 2 π ) 1 0 0 !
e i 2 π + e i 2 π + e i π + ( e i π ) 3 + ( ( e i π ) 3 ) 4 + ....
e i 2 π + e i 2 π + e i π + e 3 i π + e 1 2 i π + .... + e ( 9 9 ! ∗ 5 0 ) i π
Note that e i θ is cyclical, repeating with multiples of 2 π . If θ is an even multiple of π , than e i θ = e 0 = 1 . Using this fact, the sum becomes
i + i − 1 − 1 + 1 + 1 + . . . + 1 = 9 5 + 2 i