A calculus problem by Mehdi K.

Calculus Level 3

If lim x 1 a x 2 + b x + 2 x 1 = 1 \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 1}\frac{ax^2+bx+2}{x-1}=1 , what is a + b a+b ?

1 -3 0 3 -2 -1

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3 solutions

Since the limit exists and is finite, therefore (i) a × 1 2 + b × 1 + 2 = 0 a\times 1^2+b\times 1+2=0 or a + b = 2 a+b=\boxed {-2} , and (ii) 2 a × 1 + b = 2 a + b = 1 2a\times 1+b=2a+b=\boxed 1 (since as x x tends to 1 1 , x 1 x-1 tends to 0 0 and the given fraction tends to 1 1 ). Therefore a = 3 a=\boxed 3 and b = 5 b=\boxed {-5} .

Jon Haussmann
Dec 8, 2019

The limit of the denominator is 0, so for the limit of the fraction to be 1, the limit of the numerator must be 0 as well. This implies a + b + 2 = 0 a + b + 2 = 0 , so a + b = 2 a + b = -2 .

Max Patrick
Dec 4, 2019

Rewrite the expression ( ( a x 2 ) ( x 1 ) + k ) / ( x 1 ) ((ax-2)(x-1)+k)/(x-1) ,

ie factorise the numerator by x 1 x-1 with a remainder constant.

= ( a x 2 ) + k / ( x 1 ) =(ax-2)+k/(x-1)

Now, the last term is infinite in the limit unless k = 0 k=0 ,

therefore k = 0 k=0

So we are finding the limit of ( a x 2 ) ( x 1 ) / ( x 1 ) (ax-2)(x-1)/(x-1) ,

= the limit of a x 2 ax-2 , which we are told is 1 1 , when x = 1 x=1

Thus a = 3 a=3 and from ( a x 2 ) ( x 1 ) = a x 2 + b x + 2 (ax-2)(x-1)=ax^2+bx+2 , we can see b = 5 b=-5

Answer is 2 \boxed{-2}

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