Another Problem from Gaokao 2018

Algebra Level 3

If a = log 0.2 0.3 a=\log_{0.2} 0.3 and b = log 2 0.3 b=\log_2 0.3 , then

a + b < a b < 0 a+b<ab<0 a + b < 0 < a b a+b<0<ab a b < a + b < 0 ab<a+b<0 a b < 0 < a + b ab<0<a+b

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1 solution

Naren Bhandari
Aug 1, 2018

Here , a b = ( log 3 1 log 2 1 ) ( log 3 1 log 2 ) = ( log 3 1 ) 2 log 2 ( log 2 1 ) < 0 ab =\left(\dfrac{\log 3 - 1}{\log 2 -1}\right)\left(\dfrac{\log 3 -1}{\log 2}\right) = \dfrac{\,(\log 3 -1)^2 }{\log 2\,(\log 2 -1)} < 0 Since 10 > 3 > 2 log 10 > log 3 > log 2 1 > log 3 0 > log 2 1 log 2 1 < 0 a b < 0 10 > 3 > 2 \implies \log 10 > \log 3 > \log 2\\ 1 > \log 3\implies 0 > \log 2 -1 \implies \log 2 -1 < 0\\ \therefore ab < 0 Also a + b = log 3 1 log 2 1 + log 3 1 log 2 = ( log 3 1 ) ( log 4 1 log 2 ( log 2 1 ) ) < 0 a + b < 0 a+ b = \dfrac{\log 3 -1}{\log 2 -1} + \dfrac{\log 3 -1}{\log 2}= \,(\log 3 -1 ) \left ( \dfrac{\log 4 -1}{\log 2\,(\log 2 -1 ) }\right) <0 \\ \implies a+ b < 0 Further a b a + b = log 3 1 log 4 1 > 1 a b > a + b 4 > 3 log 4 1 > log 3 1 log 3 1 log 4 1 > 1 \dfrac{ab}{a+b} = \dfrac{\log 3 - 1}{\log 4 -1} > 1 \implies ab > a +b \\ 4 > 3 \implies \log 4 -1 > \log 3-1 \implies \dfrac{\log 3 -1}{\log 4 -1} > 1 Therefore, a b < 0 , a + b < 0 , a b > a + b a b < a + b < 0 ab < 0 , a+b < 0 , ab > a+b \\ \implies ab < a+b < 0

It should be lg 3 1 lg 4 1 > 1 \frac{\lg 3-1}{\lg 4-1}>1 since lg 4 1 = lg 4 lg 10 < 0. \lg 4-1=\lg 4-\lg 10<0.

Brian Lie - 2 years, 10 months ago

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oh! It's typo. Thanks for pointing out my mistake.

Naren Bhandari - 2 years, 10 months ago

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