Ant on a balloon

Calculus Level 4

Imagine an ant that starts crawling at a constant speed of 1 m/s 1 \text{ m/s} on the surface of a spherical balloon with an initial radius of 1 m . 1 \text{ m}.

If the radius of the balloon increases at a constant rate of 1 m/s , 1 \text{ m/s}, what is the time required (in seconds) for the ant to complete a full revolution around the balloon?

6.28 sec 44.3 sec 534.5 sec 143375 sec

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1 solution

Aryaman Maithani
Jun 16, 2018

Let at any time t t , ω \omega denote the angular velocity of the ant, θ \theta denote the angle covered by the ant and r r denote the radius of the balloon. The velocity (given) is denoted by v v , initial radius (given) by r 0 r_0 and rate of increase of radius (given) by α \alpha .

d r d t = α \therefore \frac{dr}{dt} = \alpha

r 0 r d r = 0 t α d t \implies \int\limits_{r_0}^{r} dr = \int\limits_{0}^{t} \alpha dt

r = α t + r 0 \implies r = \alpha t + r_0


ω = v r \because \omega = \frac{v}{r}

d θ d t = v α t + r 0 \implies\frac{d\theta}{dt} = \frac{v}{\alpha t + r_0}

d θ = v α t + r 0 d t \implies d\theta = \frac{v}{\alpha t + r_0}dt

0 2 π d θ = 0 T v α t + r 0 d t \implies\int\limits_{0}^{2\pi} d\theta = \int\limits_{0}^{T}\frac{v}{\alpha t + r_0}dt

2 π = v a ln ( α T r 0 + 1 ) \implies2\pi = \frac{v}{a} \ln(\frac{\alpha T}{r_0} + 1)

T = r 0 α ( e 2 α π v 1 ) \implies \boxed{T = \frac{r_0}{\alpha} \Big(e^{\frac{2\alpha\pi}{v}} - 1\Big)}

Substituting the values of known quantities gives the answer to be equal to e 2 π 1 534.5 s e^{2\pi} - 1 \approx 534.5s

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