3 6 cells. Find the number of rectangles pictured in the diagram that contain at least three cells of the grid.
The following diagram shows a grid of
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Each pair of points not on the same row/column defines a unique rectangle (as they form one of its diagonal.)
So for each ( 6 + 1 ) ( 6 + 1 ) = 4 9 points of the grids, we have 4 9 × ( 4 9 − 1 3 ) rectangles (as there are 6 + 6 + 1 = 1 3 points on the same row and columnas a given point.)
Note that a same rectangle A B C D will be obtained from 4 different pairs of points ( ( A , C ) , ( C , A ) , ( B , D ) , ( D , B ) ), for a total of 4 4 9 ( 4 9 − 1 3 ) rectangles in the grid.
There are 6 × 6 = 3 6 1 -cell rectangles and 2 × 5 × 6 = 6 0 2 -cells rectangles that we need to substract hence the answer is 4 4 9 ( 4 9 − 1 3 ) − 3 6 − 6 0 = 3 4 5
Nice proof! I always like seeing other ways to count, because together we've basically given a combinatorial proof that a = 1 ∑ m b = 1 ∑ n a b = 4 ( m + 1 ) ( n + 1 ) ( ( m + 1 ) ( n + 1 ) − m − n − 1 ) (To clarify, the method for my half--the sum--is counting how many squares can be the top left square of an ( m + 1 − a ) × ( n + 1 − b ) rectangle)
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For 1 ≤ a , b ≤ 6 , the number of ( 7 − a ) × ( 7 − b ) rectangles is a b . Therefore, the total number of rectangles is a = 1 ∑ 6 b = 1 ∑ 6 a b = ( a = 1 ∑ 6 a ) ( b = 1 ∑ 6 b ) = ( 2 1 ) ( 2 1 ) = 4 4 1
From this, we subtract the number of 1 × 1 , 2 × 1 and 1 × 2 rectangles, to give 4 4 1 − ( 6 ) ( 6 ) − ( 5 ) ( 6 ) − ( 6 ) ( 5 ) = 3 4 5