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Algebra Level 5

The smallest positive integral value of a a for which the greater root of the equation x 2 ( a 2 + a + 1 ) x + a ( a 2 + 1 ) = 0 x^2-(a^2+a+1)x+a(a^2+1)=0 lies between the roots of the equation x 2 a 2 x 2 ( a 2 2 ) = 0 x^2-a^2x-2(a^2-2)=0 is:

2 + 2 + 2 + \sqrt{2+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2+\cdots}}} 5 5 5 5 \sqrt 5\sqrt{\sqrt 5\sqrt{\sqrt 5\sqrt{\sqrt 5\sqrt{\cdots}}}} 27 27 27 \sqrt{\dfrac{27}{\sqrt{\dfrac{27}{\sqrt{\dfrac{27}{\sqrt{\cdots}}}}}}} 4 4 4 \sqrt{4\sqrt{4\sqrt{4\sqrt{\cdots}}}}

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1 solution

Rishabh Jain
Apr 8, 2016

x 2 a x ( a 2 + 1 ) x + a ( a 2 + 1 ) = 0 x^2-ax-(a^2+1)x+a(a^2+1)=0 ( x a ) ( x ( a 2 + 1 ) ) = 0 \implies (x-a)(x-(a^2+1))=0

Clearly greater root is a 2 + 1 = α (Let) . a^2+1=\alpha\text{(Let)}.~~ Let f ( x ) = x 2 a 2 x 2 ( a 2 2 ) = 0 f(x)=x^2-a^2x-2(a^2-2)=0 . Then the condition that α \alpha lies between the roots of f ( x ) f(x) is f ( α ) < 0 f(\alpha)<0 . Solving we get a 2 > 5 a^2>5 from where we get least positive integral value of a a as 3 3 .


  • 4 4 4 = 4 1 / 2 + 1 / 4 + 1 / 8 + = 4 \sqrt{4\sqrt{4\sqrt{4\sqrt{\cdots}}}}=4^{1/2+1/4+1/8+\cdots}=4
  • 2 + 2 + 2 + = 2 \sqrt{2+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2+\cdots}}}=2
  • 5 5 5 5 = 5 1 + 1 / 2 + 1 / 4 + = 5 \sqrt 5\sqrt{\sqrt 5\sqrt{\sqrt 5\sqrt{\sqrt 5\sqrt{\cdots}}}}=\sqrt 5^{1+1/2+1/4+\cdots}=5
  • 27 27 27 = 2 7 1 / 2 1 / 4 + 1 / 8 + = 3 \sqrt{\dfrac{27}{\sqrt{\dfrac{27}{\sqrt{\dfrac{27}{\sqrt{\cdots}}}}}}}=27^{1/2-1/4+1/8+\cdots}=\textbf{3}

Therefore answer is 27 27 27 \boxed{\sqrt{\dfrac{27}{\sqrt{\dfrac{27}{\sqrt{\dfrac{27}{\sqrt{\cdots}}}}}}}} .

I think there's a typo. You wrote a 2 < 5 a^2<5 and then a = 3 a=3 I think it should be a 2 > 5 a^2 > 5

BTW great solution (+1)!

neelesh vij - 5 years, 1 month ago

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Oh.... Yes its a typo... Corrected and thanks!!! :-)

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 1 month ago

Exciting problem sir;is it original?

Rohit Udaiwal - 5 years, 2 months ago

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Don't call me sir... :-P and its taken from my sheet so its highly probable that its from a standard JEE textbook and BTW the options and solution is original... :-D

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 2 months ago

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