Are you smarter than me? 12

Geometry Level 3

Two circles of radius 5 units touch each other at (1,2).If equation of their common tangent is 4 x + 3 y = 10 4x+3y=10 ,then the centres of the two circles are:

(5,7),(-3,-3) (5,-3),(-3,7) (5,5),(-3,-1) (3,4),(-1,10)

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2 solutions

Let the centers of the circles to the left and right of 4 x + 3 y = 10 4x + 3y = 10 be P ( a , b ) P(a,b) and Q ( c , d ) Q(c,d) , respectively.

Since the tangent line has slope 4 3 -\frac{4}{3} the line P Q PQ lies on has slope 3 4 \frac{3}{4} . Now the point of tangency of the two circles will be the midpoint of P Q PQ , so

a + c 2 = 1 c = 2 a \frac{a + c}{2} = 1 \Longrightarrow c = 2 - a and

b + d 2 = 2 d = 4 b \frac{b + d}{2} = 2 \Longrightarrow d = 4 - b .

Next, since P Q PQ has slope 3 4 \frac{3}{4} and length 10 10 , P Q PQ serves as the hypotenuse of a 6 / 8 / 10 6/8/10 right triangle, with

c a = 8 c = a + 8 c - a = 8 \Longrightarrow c = a + 8 and

d b = 6 d = b + 6 d - b = 6 \Longrightarrow d = b + 6 .

Comparing these two sets of results, we have that

2 a = a + 8 a = 3 2 - a = a + 8 \Longrightarrow a = -3 and

4 b = b + 6 b = 1 4 - b = b + 6 \Longrightarrow b = -1 .

This in turn gives us c = 3 + 8 = 5 c = -3 + 8 = 5 and d = 1 + 6 = 5 d = -1 + 6 = 5 .

Thus the centers of the two circles are ( 5 , 5 ) , ( 3 , 1 ) \boxed{(5,5), (-3,-1)} .

Alternately, we could use vectors. The unit vector representing the line on which P Q PQ lies is u = < 4 , 3 > 3 2 + 4 2 = < 4 5 , 3 5 > u = \dfrac{<4,3>}{\sqrt{3^{2} + 4^{2}}} = <\frac{4}{5},\frac{3}{5}> , and so

( a , b ) = ( 1 , 2 ) 5 u = ( 3 , 1 ) (a,b) = (1,2) - 5u = (-3,-1) and ( c , d ) = ( 1 , 2 ) + 5 u = ( 5 , 5 ) (c,d) = (1,2) + 5u = (5,5) .

went the same way :D

Prachi Garg - 6 years, 4 months ago

Dhaba marili...........

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