In the diagram above, rectangle A C D E and isosceles △ A B C are of equal area and are inscribed in a circle of radius r = 1 .
If the area of the pink regions A = arcsin ( c a b ) − c a b , where a , b , and c are positive coprime integers, find a + b + c .
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A △ A B C = 2 1 ( 1 − 2 x ) y = A A C D E = x y ⟹ 2 − x = 4 x ⟹ x = 5 2
5 1 = cos ( m ) and 2 y = cos ( 2 π − m ) = sin ( m ) ⟹ y = 2 sin ( m ) = 2 2 5 2 4 = 5 4 6
⟹ A A C D E = x y = 2 5 8 6 = A △ A B C
The area I of the bounded circular region above the line y = 5 1 and the circle
x 2 + y 2 = 1 is:
I = ∫ 5 − 2 6 5 2 6 1 − x 2 − 5 1 d x ,
Letting x = sin ( θ ) ⟹ d x = cos ( θ ) ⟹ I = arcsin ( 5 2 6 ) − 2 5 2 6 ⟹
The desired area A = I − 2 5 8 6 = arcsin ( 5 2 6 ) − 5 2 6 = arcsin ( c a b ) − c a b ⟹
a + b + c = 1 3 .
Note: A △ A B C = 2 1 y ( 1 − 2 x ) = 2 1 ( 5 4 6 ) ( 5 4 ) = 2 5 8 6 = x y
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Let the height A D = C E = h . Then the base of the triangle and rectangle A C = D E = 2 1 − ( 2 h ) 2 = 4 − h 2 . Since the area of △ A B C and the area of rectangle A C D E are equal, then
[ A B C ] 2 1 ( 1 − 2 h ) 4 − h 2 2 1 ( 1 − 2 h ) 2 − h ⟹ h = [ A C D E ] = h 4 − h 2 = h = 4 h = 5 2
Let the center of the circle be O . Then the area of the pink regions is
A = area of sector OABC − area of △ A O C − area of △ A B C = 2 ∠ A O C ⋅ 1 − 2 1 ⋅ 2 h ⋅ A C − 2 1 ( 1 − 2 h ) ⋅ A C = sin − 1 ( O C 2 1 A C ) − 2 1 ⋅ A C = sin − 1 ( 2 4 − h 2 ) − 2 4 − h 2 = sin − 1 ( 5 2 6 ) − 5 2 6 The radius of the circle = 1
Therefore a + b + c = 2 + 6 + 5 = 1 3 .