Arpit's awesome averages

Algebra Level 2

Nine numbers are written in increasing order. The average of the nine numbers is the middle number, the average of the five largest values is 68, and the average of the five smallest values is 44. What is the sum of the nine numbers?

This problem is posed by Arpit S .


The answer is 504.

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19 solutions

Raphaël Nabil
Oct 21, 2013
  1. Let the nine numbers in increasing order be a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i .
  2. The middle number is e .
  3. Since the average of the nine numbers equals their middle number e , then: > a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i 9 = e \frac{a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i}{9} = e > a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i = 9 e a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i=9e
  4. The average of the five largest values (e, f, g, h, i) equals 68 .
    > Which means that e + f + g + h + i 5 = 68 \frac{e+f+g+h+i}{5} = 68 > e + f + g + h + i = 68 × 5 = 340 e+f+g+h+i = 68 \times 5 = 340
  5. By following the same steps with the five smallest values, we get : > a + b + c + d + e = 220 a+b+c+d+e = 220
  6. By adding the last two equations : > a + b + c + d + 2 e + f + g + h + i = 560 a+b+c+d+2e+f+g+h+i=560
  7. By combining this equation with the first one : > 9 e + e = 560 9e+e=560 > 10 e = 560 10e=560 > e = 56 e=56
  8. The sum of the nine numbers equals 9e, so we can get it by multiplying 9 by 56. Or, to make things easier, we can just subtract 56 from 560. The answer is 504 .

cool

Arnav Rupde - 7 years, 7 months ago

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Thank you

Raphaël Nabil - 7 years, 7 months ago

I tried to make it as detailed and simple as I could

Raphaël Nabil - 7 years, 7 months ago

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This is great. I really love what you did here. Your reasoning and ideas are clearly outlined.

Calvin Lin Staff - 7 years, 7 months ago

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Thanks :)

Raphaël Nabil - 7 years, 7 months ago

Me too. Good solution ! Just as mine .

Priyansh Sangule - 7 years, 7 months ago

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That's good ;)

Raphaël Nabil - 7 years, 7 months ago

very easy

pranay kothari - 7 years, 7 months ago

Yep, this was practically my solution. Although I didn't notice that e was the average when reading the problem so it took me a bit longer.

Ryan Wood - 7 years, 7 months ago

very cool dude............

Saravanan Rajenderan - 7 years, 7 months ago

brilliant sir claps !!!

Devesh Rai - 7 years, 7 months ago
Tarantula Hawk
Oct 21, 2013

At first we should find out the middle number.
68 × 5 + 44 × 5 10 \frac{68\times 5 + 44\times 5}{10} = 56 56
so 56 56 is the middle number .
It is in the average of largest numbers & average of largest numbers. So we should subtract 56 56 from one of the average.
so the sum of first 5 5 numbers is 44 × 5 44\times 5 = 220 220
and the sum of last 4 4 numbers is 68 × 5 56 68\times 5 - 56 = 340 56 340 - 56 = 284 284
SO,The sum of nine numbers is 284 + 220 284+220 = 504 \boxed{504}


It is not immediately clear why your first line is true. You are taking the average of 10 numbers, and not of the 9 given ones. A further argument is needed.

Calvin Lin Staff - 7 years, 7 months ago
Kishlaya Jaiswal
Oct 20, 2013

Let the sum of first four numbers be a a , the middle number be b b and sum of last four numbers be c c

Then a + b + c 9 = b a + b + c = 9 b e q n ( i ) \frac{a+b+c}{9} = b \Rightarrow a+b+c = 9b \ldots eqn(i)

Now b + c 5 = 68 b + c = 340 c = 340 b \frac{b+c}{5} = 68 \Rightarrow b+c = 340 \Rightarrow c = 340-b

Similarly, a + b 5 = 44 a + b = 220 a = 220 b \frac{a+b}{5} = 44 \Rightarrow a+b = 220 \Rightarrow a = 220-b

Hence a + b + c = ( 220 b ) + b + ( 340 b ) = 560 b e q n ( i i ) a+b+c = (220-b) + b + (340-b) = 560-b \ldots eqn(ii)

Now from e q n ( i ) eqn(i) and e q n ( i i ) eqn(ii) ,

a + b + c = 9 b = 560 b b = 56 a+b+c = 9b = 560 - b \Rightarrow b = 56

Therefore the answer is a + b + c = 9 × 56 a+b+c = 9\times56 or 560 56 = 560-56 = [ 504 ] [504]

Oh.. Our solutions relate each other somehow :) hehehe

Noor Muhammad Malik - 7 years, 7 months ago
Abubakarr Yillah
Jan 11, 2014

Let the numbers be x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , x 4 , x 5 , x 6 , x 7 , x 8 , x 9 x_{1},x_{2},x_{3},x_{4},x_{5},x_{6},x_{7},x_{8},x_{9}

Firstly x 1 + x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + x 5 + x 6 + x 7 + x 8 + x 9 9 = x 5 . . . . . ( 1 ) \frac{x_{1}+x_{2}+x_{3}+x_{4}+x_{5}+x_{6}+x_{7}+x_{8}+x_{9}}{9}={x_{5}}.....(1)

Secondly x 5 + x 6 + x 7 + x 8 + x 9 5 = 68 \frac{x_{5}+x_{6}+x_{7}+x_{8}+x_{9}}{5}={68}

i.e. x 5 + x 6 + x 7 + x 8 + x 9 = 340..... ( 2 ) x_{5}+x_{6}+x_{7}+x_{8}+x_{9}={340}.....(2)

Thirdly x 1 + x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + x 5 5 = 44 \frac{x_{1}+x_{2}+x_{3}+x_{4}+x_{5}}{5}={44}

i.e x 1 + x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + x 5 = 220..... ( 3 ) x_{1}+x_{2}+x_{3}+x_{4}+x_{5}={220}.....(3)

From.....(2) x 6 + x 7 + x 8 + x 9 = 340 x 5 x_{6}+x_{7}+x_{8}+x_{9}={340-x_{5}}

Substituting into.....(1) we get 220 + 340 x 5 9 = x 5 \frac{220+340-x_{5}}{9}={x_{5}}

i.e. 560 x 5 9 = x 5 \frac{560-x_{5}}{9}={x_{5}}

which simplifies to 10 x 5 = 560 10x_{5}={560}

and x 5 = 56 x_{5}={56}

Hence the sum of the nine numbers is 9 × x 5 = 9 × 56 9\times{x_{5}}=9\times56

Which is 504 \boxed{504}

Good and precise solution

TIRTHANKAR GHOSH - 7 years, 1 month ago

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thanks

Abubakarr Yillah - 7 years, 1 month ago

First of all, if the average of nine numbers a , b , . . . i a, b, ... i is the middle number e e , then the average of all numbers except the middle number is also e e . This implies that a + b + c + d + f + g + h + i = 8 e a+b+c+d+f+g+h+i=8e .

Also, the average of the five smallest numbers is 44; thus, a + b + c + d + e = 220 a+b+c+d+e=220 . Similarly, since the average of the five largest values is 68, we have e + f + g + h + i = 340 e+f+g+h+i=340 .

Adding the two previous equations gives a + b + c + d + 2 e + f + g + h + i = 8 e + 2 e = 560 a+b+c+d+2e+f+g+h+i=8e+2e=560 , which means 10 e = 560 e = 56 10e=560 \Rightarrow e=56 and thus the sum of the nine numbers is 9 e = 504 9e=504 .

Magdi Ragheb
Mar 24, 2014

sum+x=5(68+44)=560 9x+x=560 x=56 sum=9x=9(56)=504

Priyanka Banerjee
Oct 23, 2013

Sum of last 5 numbers=5*Average of last 5 numbers

Sum of last 5 numbers=5*68=340

Sum of first 5 numbers=5*Average of first 5 numbers

Sum of first 5 numbers=5*44=220

Sum of first 5 numbers+Sum of last 5 numbers=560=Sum of all the numbers+Sum of the middle number which has been counted twice

Since the middle number is itself the average, adding it to the sum of all the numbers wont change the average...

Thus average is 560/10=56...

Sum of the 9 numbers is 56*9

Answer:: 504

Priyansh Sangule
Oct 22, 2013

Let the numbers be -

a 9 > a 8 > a 7 > a 6 > a 5 > a 4 > a 3 > a 2 > a 1 a_9 > a_8 > a_7 > a_6 > a_5 > a_4 > a_3 > a_2 > a_1

Therefore , the average of the numbers

= i = 1 9 a i 9 = a 5 = \dfrac{ \sum_{i=1}^{9} a_i}{9} = a_5

i = 1 9 a i = 9 a 5 \Rightarrow \sum_{i=1}^{9} a_i = 9a_5

Given that - i = 5 9 a i 5 = 68 \dfrac{ \sum_{i=5}^{9} a_i}{5} = 68

and i = 1 5 a i 5 = 44 \dfrac{\sum_{i=1}^{5} a_i}{5} = 44

Hence by adding the two equations ,

( i = 1 9 a i ) + a 5 5 = 112 \dfrac{(\sum_{i=1}^{9} a_i) + a_5 }{5} = 112

9 a 5 + a 5 5 = 112 \Rightarrow \dfrac{ 9a_5 + a_5 }{5} = 112

10 a 5 = 560 a 5 = 56 \Rightarrow 10a_5 = 560 \Rightarrow a_5 = 56

Thus , average of the numbers

= i = 1 9 a i = 9 a 5 = 9 × 56 = 504 = \sum_{i=1}^{9} a_i = 9a_5 = 9 \times 56 = \boxed{504}

Cheers!

William Cui
Oct 21, 2013

We are given that the average of the nine numbers is equal to the middle integer, the average of the five largest (middle and the four higher ones) numbers is 68, and the average of the five smallest (middle and the four lower ones) numbers is 44. Since the four higher integers don't matter in terms of value when compared to each other, let them all be equal to b b . Same thing with the four lower integers, let them be a a . Finally, let the middle integer be x x .

Now, we can put things into algebraic expressions. We have:

4 a + x + 4 b = 9 x 4a+x+4b=9x

x + 4 b = 68 × 5 = 340 x+4b=68\times5=340

x + 4 a = 44 × 5 = 220 x+4a=44\times5=220

We can simplify the first equation, 4 a + 4 b + x = 9 x 4a+4b+x=9x .

4 a + 4 b = 8 x 4a+4b=8x

a + b = 2 x a+b=2x

By the second and third equations, we have

x + 4 b = 68 × 5 = 340 x+4b=68\times5=340 and x + 4 a = 44 × 5 = 220 x+4a=44\times5=220

Subtracting the second from the first, we have

4 b 4 a = 120 4b-4a=120

b a = 30 b-a=30

b = a + 30 b=a+30

Substituting a + 30 a+30 into b b , we have (from the first equation)

a + ( a + 30 ) = 2 x a+(a+30)=2x

2 a + 30 = 2 x 2a+30=2x

x = a + 15 x=a+15

Now, from x + 4 a = 220 x+4a=220 , the third equation, we have a + 15 + 4 a = 220 a+15+4a=220

Solving for a a , we have

5 a + 15 = 220 5a+15=220

5 a = 205 5a=205

a = 41 a=41

Now, we find x x .

x = a + 15 = 41 + 15 = 56 x=a+15=41+15=56

Since the average of all nine numbers is x x , the sum of the numbers is 9 x 9x

9 x = 56 × 9 = 504 9x=56\times9=\boxed{504}

let the numbers in increasing order are a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i. (e+f+g+h+i)/5= 68. f+g+h+i= 340-e ----(1)

(a+b+c+d+e)/5= 220-e -----(2)

(a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i)/9= e put the values of (a+b+c+d)&(f+g+h+i) from (1)&(2) e=56

and sum =504

Tuan Mufti
Jan 1, 2014

Average of first quartile is 44. Average of third quartile is 68. Hence, average of second quartile, which is also the midpoint, is (44+68)/2 = 56.

At this point, we don't know yet the pattern of the number, but if we calculate the difference between: the second quartile and third quartile, (56 x 68)/2 = 62, the second quartile and first quartile, (56 x 44)/2 = 44,

and then putting the numbers on a list, we can notice the common difference, which is 6. Hence, by evaluating all the unknown numbers from first term until ninth term, sum it up, we get 504.

Other than that, we also can use the formula of arithmetic progression. Try it, tho.

Cal Filkin
Oct 27, 2013

The sum of the first 5 numbers is 220, and the sum of the second 5 numbers is 340. Adding those together, we get 560. 560 is the sum of 10 numbers because the fifth number is included twice, so we find the average to be 56. Because adding the average to a set does not change the average, we know that the fifth number is 56. We can then subtract this from the ten-number set that sums to 560 to get 504.

Waldir F. Caro
Oct 27, 2013

If the sequence is: a 1 , a 2 , . . . , a 9 a_1, a_2, ..., a_9 .

i = 1 9 a i = 9 a 5 ( i ) \sum_{i=1}^{9}a_i = 9 * a_5 (i)

i = 1 5 a i = 5 44 ( i i ) \sum_{i=1}^{5}a_i = 5 * 44 (ii)

i = 5 9 a i = 5 68 ( i i i ) \sum_{i=5}^{9}a_i = 5 * 68 (iii)

It's easy to see that ( i ) (i) could be obtained from ( i i ) (ii) and ( i i i ) (iii) in this way:

i = 1 9 a i = i = 1 5 a i + i = 5 9 a i a 5 \sum_{i=1}^{9}a_i = \sum_{i=1}^{5}a_i + \sum_{i=5}^{9}a_i - a_5

9 a 5 = 5 44 + 5 68 a 5 9 * a_5 = 5 * 44 + 5 * 68 - a_5

a 5 = 56 a_5 = 56

Then the answer is i = 1 9 = 9 a 5 = 504 \sum_{i=1}^{9} = 9 * a_5 = \boxed{504}

Wildan Nurrahman
Oct 25, 2013

the 9 numbers is a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and i a+b+c+d+e = 5.44 = 220 e+f+g+h+i= 5.68 = 340 a+b+c+d = 220-e f+g+h+i = 340-e

a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i=9.e (220-e)+e+(340-e)=9e 560-e+e-e=9e 560-e=9e 560=9e+e 560=10e e=56

e is 56, so a -i: 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 that will be 504 of sum all of them.

Let the sum of smallest four numbers be x, the middle number be m, and the sum of the four largest numbers be y. Given that the average of numbers is middle number, i.e.
x + m + y 9 = m \frac{x+m+y}{9} = m so, x + y = 8 m x+y=8m ...........(1)
Also given that average of smallest 5 numbers is 44 i.e.
x + m 5 = 44 \frac{x+m}{5} = 44
so, x + m = 220 x+m = 220 .......(2)
Also given that the average of largest 5 numbers is 68 i.e.
m + y 5 = 68 \frac{m+y}{5}=68 So, m + y = 340 m+y=340 ......(3)
Adding equations 2 and 3;
x + y + 2 m = 560 x+y+2m=560
Putting value of x+y from equation 1
10 m = 560 10m=560
m = 56 m=56 Now, by using value of m in equations 2 and 3 we get x = 164 x=164 and y = 284 y=284 respectively.
Therefore, sum of nine numbers is x + m + y = 164 + 56 + 284 = 504 x+m+y = 164+56+284 = \boxed{504}











Justin Wong
Oct 23, 2013

Let the ordered numbers be represented by a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , , a 9 a_{1},a_{2},a_{3},\dots,a_{9} .

Let A = a 1 + a 2 + a 3 + + a 9 A=a_{1}+a_{2}+a_{3}+\dots+a_{9} . Let A 1 = a 1 + a 2 + a 3 + + a 5 A_{1}=a_{1}+a_{2}+a_{3}+\dots+a_{5} Let A 2 = a 5 + a 6 + a 7 + + a 9 A_{2}=a_{5}+a_{6}+a_{7}+\dots+a_{9} .

A 1 5 = 44 \frac{A_{1}}{5}=44 , A 2 5 = 68 \frac{A_{2}}{5}=68 , and A 9 = a 5 \frac{A}{9}=a_{5}

A 1 + A 2 A 9 = A A_{1}+A_{2}-\frac{A}{9}=A . (The left side is obtained by A 1 + A 2 A_{1}+A_{2} having all the numbers and an extra a 5 a_{5} .)

220 + 340 A 9 = A 220+340-\frac{A}{9}=A . (Using the third line of equations.)

1980 + 3060 A = 9 A 1980+3060-A=9A . (Getting rid of fractions)

10 A = 5040 10A=5040 , A = 504 A=504

Or rather, as line 11 incorrectly states after editing, "using the equations of averages."

Justin Wong - 7 years, 7 months ago
Ayon Pal
Oct 23, 2013

If the numbers are in an A.P.

Let, the middle integer is a a

And the common difference is b b

So, the numbers are a 4 b < a 3 b < a 2 b < a b < a < a + b < a + 2 b < a + 3 b < a + 4 b a-4b < a-3b < a-2b < a-b < a < a+b < a+2b < a+3b < a+4b

And the sum of first 5 integers is ( a 4 b ) + ( a 3 b ) + ( a 2 b ) + ( a b ) + a = 44 5 = 220 (a-4b) + (a-3b) + (a-2b) + (a-b) + a = 44*5 = 220 [The sum of all numbers of a set = Number of integer x Average]

5 a 10 b = 220 \implies 5a-10b=220

a 2 b = 44 \implies a - 2b=44 ..... i

In same process the sum of last five integer is a + ( a + b ) + ( a + 2 b ) + ( a + 3 b ) + ( a + 4 b ) = 68 5 = 340 a+(a+b)+(a+2b)+(a+3b)+(a+4b) = 68*5=340

a + 2 b = 68 \implies a + 2b=68 ..... ii

Solving the i and ii ..

We get the value of a = 56 a=56

And the sum of all integer 9 a = 56 9 = 504 9a=56*9 = 504

What happens if the numbers are not in an AP? If this a valid assumption to make?

Calvin Lin Staff - 7 years, 7 months ago
Arif Rayhan
Oct 21, 2013

Let a 1 , a 2 , . . , a 9 a_1,a_2,.. ,a_9 be the increasing number. So, the sum of these numbers will be 9 × a 5 9 \times a_5 .

Here a 1 + a 2 + a 3 + a 4 + a 5 5 + a 5 + a 6 + a 7 + a 8 + a 9 5 = 68 + 44 \frac{a_1+a_2+a_3+a_4+a_5}{5} + \frac{a_5+a_6+a_7+a_8+a_9}{5} = 68 +44

Or, ( a 1 + a 2 + . . + a 9 ) + a 5 = 112 × 5 (a_1+a_2+…..+a_9)+a_5 = 112 \times 5

Or, 10 a 5 10a_5 =560

Thus, a 5 a_5 =56.

So, the answer is 56 × 9 = 504 56 \times 9 =504

Ajit Athle
Oct 20, 2013

Let S = a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6 + a7 + a8 + a9.
We’ve S = 9 * a5 and a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 = 44 5 = 44 5 = 220 &
a5 + a6 + a7 + a8 + a9 = 68 5 = 340. Adding the last two eqns, we get: a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + 2 a5 + a6 + a7 + a8 + a9¬ = 560 or S + a5 = 560 or S + S/9 = 560 giving S = 504

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