There are 4 cards,each card has a digit written on it (the four digits are distinct).
There are several possibilities to arrange the 4 cards in a row to form a 4-digit integer.All of the possibilities sum up to 148212.What is the minimum possible 4-digit integer that can be formed?
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We consider two cases separately:
Case 1: All four digits are nonzero
In this case, write the digits as a , b , c , d . Then for instance, the digit a is in the thousands place for any of the 3 ! = 6 permutations of the other digits over the remaining places. Since this is true for for every place, we see that the digit a contributes 6 6 6 6 a to the sum of all four-digit numbers made from our four chosen digits. Further, since this is valid for each digit, we find that the sum of all four-digit numbers made from our four chosen digits is 1 4 8 2 1 2 = 6 6 6 6 a + 6 6 6 6 b + 6 6 6 6 c + 6 6 6 6 d ⟹ a + b + c + d = 6 6 6 6 1 4 8 2 1 2 ≈ 2 2 . 2 3 4 which is impossible since the sum of the digits must be an integer.
Case 2: One of the digits is 0
We use a similar argument, setting d = 0 . The only difference is that the digit 0 cannot be in the thousands place, so we will find the sum of the four-digit numbers where 0 is in the thousands place and subtract it from our previous computation in the first case. Specifically, if a lies in one of the hundreds, tens, or ones place, then b , c can be placed in the other two places in 2 ! = 2 ways. Therefore, when 0 lies in the thousands place, a contributes 2 2 2 a to the sum. One again, this argument follows for each nonzero digit, giving a sum of 2 2 2 a + 2 2 2 b + 2 2 2 c which we must subtract from the count we made in the first case: 1 4 8 2 1 2 = 6 6 6 6 a + 6 6 6 6 b + 6 6 6 6 c + 6 6 6 6 ( 0 ) − ( 2 2 2 a + 2 2 2 b + 2 2 2 c ) = 6 4 4 4 ( a + b + c ) ⟹ a + b + c = 6 4 4 4 1 4 8 2 1 2 = 2 3 Since a , b , c are distinct digits and 7 + 8 + 9 = 2 4 we must lower one of 7 , 8 , 9 by one, but the only way to do this and still have distinct digits is to have { a , b , c } = { 7 − 1 , 8 , 9 } = { 6 , 8 , 9 }
From these cases, we can conclude the digits necessarily are 0 , 6 , 8 , 9 and the smallest four digit number we can make with these is 6 0 8 9 .