A's and B's

a a and b b are positive integers that satisfy 18 a = b 3 18a = b^3 . What is the minimum possible value of a + b a + b ?


The answer is 18.

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

14 solutions

Andrei Burlacu
May 20, 2014

Because a a and b b are positive integers this means that a > 0 a > 0 and b > 0 b > 0 .

18 a = b 3 b = 18 a 3 18a=b^3 \Rightarrow b = \sqrt[3]{18a}

We know that 18 = 2 3 2 18 = 2*3^2 .

Now we need to find some value of a a , so that the number 18 a 18*a will be of the form x 3 y 3 z 3 . . . x^3*y^3*z^3... where x , y , z , . . . x,y,z,... are all positive integers. We need this form of the number to extract the cubic root as a positive integer since b b is a positive integer.

There is an infinite number of this values, but we are interested in the minimum value. This means that x , y , z , . . . x,y,z,... must be minimal positive integers.

To find the minimal value, we look at the factors of number 18 18 and see what numbers are missing , so we can extract the integer cubic root. We see that we need the product of numbers 3 3 and 4 4 to obtain the number 216 = 2 3 3 3 216 = 2^3*3^3 . Any other product would lead us to a number larger then 216 216 and thus, a a and b b would not have minimum values.

This means that a a is the product of the added numbers, a = 3 4 = 12 ( > 0 ) a = 3*4 = 12 (>0) and b b is the value of the cubic root, b = 216 3 = 6 ( > 0 ) b = \sqrt[3]{216} = 6 (>0) .

Because a a and b b are minimal values, the sum a + b a + b will also be minimal: a + b = 18 a + b = 18 .

In conclusion, the minimal sum is the number 18 18 .

Avinash Pandey
May 20, 2014

Since a = b 3 / 18 a = {b^3}/{18} , we just need to find the minimum b 3 b^3 which is divisible by 18 18 and the corresponding a a would be automatically minimum. We look at the decomposition of 18 18 that is 2 3 2 2 \cdot 3^2 . To complete the cube we multiply it by 2 2 3 = 12. 2^2 \cdot 3 = 12. Hence we see, b 3 = 18 12 = 6 3 b^3 = 18 \cdot 12 = 6^3 and a = 12 a = 12 . Hence 12 + 6 = 18 12 + 6 = 18 is our answer.

Most solutions neglected to mention why minimizing a + b a+b is equivalent to minimizing a a . That is not true in the general case.

Calvin Lin Staff - 7 years ago
Sayantan Guha
May 20, 2014

Given: 18a=b^3 Checking parity we see that b must be even. Let b=2m for some positive integer m. So we have: 18a=8m^3 i.e. 9a=4m^3 Checking parity we see that a must be even. If a=2k (for some positive integer k) , RHS is still an even term. So we can assume a=4p for some positive integer p. So 9p=m^3 Checking parity , m=3z for some positive integer z. So p=3z^3 We see that minimum solution is available for z=1 & p=3. Now p=3 => a=12 & z=1 => m=3 => b=6 So minimum possible value of a+b is 12+6 i.e. 18

Shourya Pandey
May 20, 2014

Note that b 3 b^3 = ( 2 ) ( 3 2 ) a (2)*(3^2)*a , so b b has 2*3=6 as a factor. So b = 6 b=6 is the minimum value of b b and thus a = 12 a=12 so that a + b = 18 a+b=18

Viplove Vats
May 20, 2014

18*12=6^3 216=216 :12+6=18

Anton Than Trong
May 20, 2014

First, find all of the prime factors of 18, which are 2, 3, and 3. Second, find the LCM of 2 and 3, which is 6. So, you have to multiply each prime factor by another number to get 6. So, you multiply 2 into 3 to get 6, and you multiply 3 into 2 to get 6. Since you multiplied 3, 2, and 2 into those numbers, now you have 6^3. So, you multiply 3, 2, and 2 together to get 12, and add 6, to get 18.

Nasir Afroze
May 20, 2014

AS STATED IN THE QUESTION 18A=B^3 SO WE WILL FIND THE THE SMALLEST NUMBER BY WHICH 18 SHOULD BE DIVIDED SO THAT THE ANSWER IS A PERFECT CUBE WHEN WE DO THE FACTORS OF 18 WE FIND THAT 12 SHOULD BE MULTIPLIED TO MAKE IT A PERFECT CUBE. A=12. AFTER THIS WE CUBE ROOT THIS AND WE FIND 6 AS 18*12=6^3 .A=12 B=6 AFTER ADDING A+B WE WILL FIND THAT 12+6=18

Mehul Goel
May 20, 2014

1 8 27 .. .. 216 that is divisible by 18 therefore a=12 as 18x12=216 and b^3=216 therefore b=6

Weng Qi Ong
May 20, 2014

The divisors of 18 is 3,3 and 2. To make it a cube numbers, there must be sets of 3 same divisors. Therefore, multiply 18 with 3, 2 and 2 to make it into a set of 3 3s and a set of 3 2s. 3* 2* 2=12(value of a) 18*12=216 216 is the cube number of 6(value of b) 12+6=18

Somesh Rout
May 20, 2014

if we want to get 'b' as a natural no. we have to check the lowest possible number to be multiplied with '18' to get a cube.This can give us lowest possible value.i bet u can solve the problem in 1 minute

18a= b 3 b^3

b= s q r t [ 3 ] 18 a sqrt[3]{18a}

prime factorisation of 18 is 2 * 3 * 3

so we need a 3 and 2 2's to make it a perfect cube.

so a=3 * 2 * 2

b= s q r t [ 3 ] 18 a sqrt[3]{18a}

b= s q r t [ 3 ] 216 sqrt[3]{216}

b=6

a + b = 12 + 6

a + b = 18

Arron Kau Staff
May 13, 2014

We have 18 = 3 × 3 × 2 = 3 2 2 18 = 3 \times 3 \times 2 = 3 ^2 2 . Let a = 3 p 1 2 p 2 r a = 3 ^{p_1} 2 ^{p_2} r , where p 1 p_1 and p 2 p_2 are non-negative integers and r r is a positive integer that is coprime to 2 2 and 3 3 . Since b 3 = 18 a = 3 2 + p 1 2 1 + p 2 r b^3 = 18 a = 3 ^{2+p_1} 2 ^{1+p_2} r is a perfect cube, each of these terms (in the 'prime factorization') must be a perfect cube. Thus 2 + p 1 0 ( m o d 3 ) 2 + p_1 \equiv 0 \pmod {3} , 1 + p 2 0 ( m o d 3 ) 1 + p_2 \equiv 0 \pmod {3} . Therefore p 1 = 1 p_1 = 1 , p 2 = 2 p_2 = 2 and r = 1 r = 1 gives the smallest possible value of b b and we have a = 3 × 2 × 2 = 12 a = 3 \times 2 \times 2 = 12 and b = 3 × 2 = 6 b = 3 \times 2 = 6 . Hence a + b = 12 + 6 = 18 a + b = 12 + 6 = 18 .

Fox To-ong
Jan 19, 2015

the least value of b should make a a factor of perfect cube for b and only 12 satisfies to make b a perfect cube which is 216 which is 6

For the least value of a + b a+b ,we must choose value of a a in 18 a = b 3 18a=b^3 so that b 3 b^3 has the least value possible \text{least value possible} . 18 = 2 × 3 2 18=2\times3^2 so a a must be 2 2 × 3 = 12 2^2\times3=\boxed{12} for b 3 b^3 to have the least possible value. ( 216 ) (216) so a = 12 a n d b = b 3 3 = 216 3 = 6 a=12\;and\;b=\sqrt[3]{b^3}=\sqrt[3]{216}=\boxed{6} so a + b = 12 + 6 = 18 a+b=12+6=\Large{18}

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...