Balancing chemical equations: Organic alcohol redox reactions

Chemistry Level 4

Alcohols can be oxidised to carboxylic acids using potassium dichromate as an oxidising agent. Below shows an example of such a redox reaction:

Given that a to f are positive integers, what is the smallest value of f ?

Hint: Think conservation of charge and conservation of mass.

More in this series of problems for balancing chemical equations: Alcohol redox | TNT | CuSCN-KIO3 system


The answer is 11.

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1 solution

Aryaman Maithani
Jul 10, 2018

Directly using principle of atom conservation (POAC) on carbon and chromium, the following can be written:

a = d a = d

2 b = e 2b = e

Using POAC on hydrogen:

8 a + c = 6 d + 2 f 8 a + c = 6 a + 2 f f = a + c 2 8a + c = 6d + 2f \implies 8a + c = 6a + 2f \implies f = a + \dfrac{c}{2}

Using POAC on oxygen:

a + 7 b = 2 d + f a + 7 b = 2 a + f 7 b = 2 a + c 2 a + 7b = 2d + f \implies a + 7b = 2a +f \implies 7b = 2a + \dfrac{c}{2}

Using conservation of charge:

2 b + c = 3 e = 6 b c = 8 b -2b + c = 3e = 6b \implies c = 8b

The last three equations consist of only 4 4 variables, which is sufficient information as we are only interested in the ratios. Solving the above three equations results in:

a : b : c : f = 3 : 2 : 16 : 11 a:b:c:f = 3:2:16:11

f = 11 \therefore f = \boxed{11}

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