Bashing Exponential

Algebra Level 3

Find sum of all real x x such that the below equation is true. 9 x 4 3 x + 6 4 3 x + 1 9 x = 0 \large 9^x - 4 \cdot 3^x + 6 - \frac{4}{3^x} + \frac{1}{9^x} = 0


The answer is 0.

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2 solutions

Rishabh Jain
Jun 5, 2017

Put 3 x = t 3^x=t and 9 x = t 2 9^x=t^2 so that equation simplifies to:

t 2 4 t + 6 4 t + 1 t 2 = 0 t^2-4t+6-\dfrac{4}t+\dfrac{1}{t^2}=0 ( t 2 + 1 t 2 ) 4 ( t + 1 t ) + 6 = 0 \iff \left(t^2+\dfrac{1}{t^2}\right)-4\left(t+\dfrac{1}{t}\right)+6=0 ( t + 1 t ) 2 4 ( t + 1 t ) + 4 = 0 \iff\left(t+\frac{1}{t}\right)^2-4\left(t+\frac{1}t\right)+4=0 ( t + 1 t 2 ) 2 = 0 \iff \left(t+\dfrac 1t-2\right)^2=0 t + 1 t = 2 t = 3 x = 1 x = 0 t+\dfrac 1t=2\iff t=3^x=1\iff \boxed{\color{#D61F06}x=0} (Since t + 1 t 2 t 0 t+\dfrac 1t \ge 2~\forall t\ge 0 )

9 x 4 3 x + 6 4 3 x + 1 9 x = 0 9 x ( 3 x 1 ) 4 = 0 \begin{aligned} 9^x - 4 \cdot 3^x + 6 - \frac{4}{3^x} + \frac{1}{9^x} &= 0\\ 9^{-x} \left(3^x -1\right)^4 &=0\\ \end{aligned}

9 x = 0 9^{-x} = 0 is impossible. Since we're searching real value of x x , there's no x x that satisfy the equation.

So the only possible solution is 3 x 1 = 0 3^x - 1 = 0 . Hence x = 0 x = \color{#D61F06}{\boxed{0}} .

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