a 1 + a 2 + a 3 + a 4 + a 5 a 1 2 + a 2 2 + a 3 2 + a 4 2 + a 5 2 a 1 3 + a 2 3 + a 3 3 + a 4 3 + a 5 3 a 1 4 + a 2 4 + a 3 4 + a 4 4 + a 5 4 a 1 5 + a 2 5 + a 3 5 + a 4 5 + a 5 5 = = = = = 1 1 2 3 5
The value of a 1 6 + a 2 6 + a 3 6 + a 4 6 + a 5 6 = n m
where m , n are coprime positive integers.
Find the value of m − n .
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One can directly use Newton's Theorem on Power Sums
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Yeah, that's the method I used because that's the first approach I thought of when seeing the equations.
can anyone explain to me the newtons sums formula?
Sorry, it is Newton's Sums and not Vieta's Sums. I have edited it.
same i have done.. :) Newtons Sum Formula..
Does the set of equations have solution?
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They are the roots of the equation x 5 − x 4 − 3 1 x 2 − 6 1 x − 1 0 3 = 0
Yes, as Shubhendra Singh mentioned. They are the roots of x 5 − S 1 x 4 + S 2 x 3 − S 3 x 2 + S 4 x − S 5 = x 5 − x 4 − 3 1 x 2 − 6 1 x − 1 0 3 = 0 . They can be complex.
Very clever way to solve that…
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Let P n = a 1 n + a 2 n + a 3 n + a 4 n + a 5 n , where n = 1 , 2 , 3 . . . and
S 1 = a 1 + a 2 + a 3 + a 4 + a 5
S 2 = a 1 a 2 + a 1 a 3 + a 1 a 4 + a 1 a 5 + a 2 a 3 + a 2 a 4 + a 2 a 5 + a 3 a 4 + a 3 a 5 + a 4 a 5
S 3 = a 1 a 2 a 3 + a 1 a 2 a 4 + a 1 a 2 a 5 + a 1 a 3 a 4 + a 1 a 3 a 5 + a 1 a 4 a 5 + a 2 a 3 a 4 + a 2 a 3 a 5 + a 2 a 4 a 5 + a 3 a 4 a 5
S 4 = a 1 a 2 a 3 a 4 + a 1 a 2 a 3 a 5 + a 1 a 2 a 4 a 5 + a 1 a 3 a 4 a 5 + a 2 a 3 a 4 a 5
S 5 = a 1 a 2 a 3 a 4 a 5
Using Newton's Identities/Sums , the relationships between P n and S n are as follows:
⎩ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎨ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎧ P 1 = S 1 P 2 = S 1 P 1 − 2 S 2 P 3 = S 1 P 2 − S 2 P 1 + 3 S 3 P 4 = S 1 P 3 − S 2 P 2 + S 3 P 1 − 4 S 4 P 5 = S 1 P 4 − S 2 P 3 + S 3 P 2 − S 4 P 1 + 5 S 5 P 6 = S 1 P 5 − S 2 P 4 + S 3 P 3 − S 4 P 2 + S 5 P 1 = 1 = 1 = 2 = 3 = 5 = n m
Substituting in the known values of P n , we have:
⎩ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎨ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎧ 1 = S 1 1 = 1 − 2 S 2 2 = 1 − 0 + 3 S 3 3 = 2 − 0 + 3 1 − 4 S 4 5 = 3 − 0 + 3 1 + 6 1 + 5 S 5 P 6 = 5 − 0 + 3 2 + 6 1 + 1 0 3 ⇒ S 1 = 1 ⇒ S 2 = 0 ⇒ S 3 = 3 1 ⇒ S 4 = − 6 1 ⇒ S 5 = 1 0 3 = 1 5 9 2 = n m
⇒ m − n = 9 2 − 1 5 = 7 7