Two Steady Increasing Functions

Calculus Level 1

2 x 2 1 + 2 2 x 2 + 1 \Large 2^{x^{2}}-1+\frac{2}{2^{x^{2}}+1}

For real x x , find the minimum value of the expression above.

Give your answer to 2 decimal places.


The answer is 1.00.

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

2 solutions

Otto Bretscher
Mar 13, 2016

Make a substitution t = 2 x 2 + 1 t=2^{x^2}+1 with t 2 t\geq 2 since x 2 0 x^2\geq0 . Now f ( t ) = t 2 + 2 t f(t)=t-2+\frac{2}{t} is increasing for t 2 t\geq 2 since f ( t ) = 1 2 t 2 1 2 f'(t)=1-\frac{2}{t^2}\geq \frac{1}{2} , so that the minimum of f ( t ) f(t) on the interval [ 2 , ) [2,\infty) is f ( 2 ) = 1 f(2)=\boxed{1}

As always you carry on writing your one line solutions... ;-) + 1 +1 ...

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 3 months ago

Log in to reply

I allow two lines for a Level 4 problem ;)

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 3 months ago

How is f(t) increasing for t>0 or t=0 ? What is the rule?

Yuki Kuriyama - 5 years, 3 months ago

Log in to reply

f ( t ) f(t) is undefined for t = 0 t=0 and decreasing for 0 < t 2 0<t\leq \sqrt{2} . We care for the case t 2 t\geq 2 only, since t = 2 x 2 + 1 2 t=2^{x^2}+1\geq 2 . In that case f ( t ) f(t) is increasing since f ( t ) f'(t) is positive.

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 3 months ago

Log in to reply

Yes,now I understand.Thanks a lot !! :)

Yuki Kuriyama - 5 years, 3 months ago
Rishabh Jain
Mar 13, 2016

f ( x ) = 2 x 2 1 + 2 2 x 2 + 1 f(x)=2^{x^2}-1+\dfrac{2}{2^{x^2}+1} f ( x ) = 2 x ( 2 x 2 ) ( ln 2 ) 2 ( 2 x 2 + 1 ) 2 ( 2 x ( 2 x 2 ) ( ln 2 ) ) f'(x)=2x(2^{x^2})(\ln 2)-\dfrac{2}{(2^{x^2}+1)^2}(2x(2^{x^2})(\ln 2)) = 2 x ( ( 2 x 2 ) ( ln 2 ) ( ( 2 x 2 + 1 ) 2 2 ( 2 x 2 + 1 ) 2 ) ) =2x\color{#0C6AC7}{\left((2^{x^2})(\ln 2)\left(\dfrac{(2^{x^2}+1)^2-2}{(2^{x^2}+1)^2}\right)\right)} We can see term written in blue is always positive therefore sign of f ( x ) f'(x) is governed by the sign as x x . f ( x ) > 0 x > 0 f(x) is increasing in ( 0 , ) and f ( x ) < 0 x < 0 f(x) is decreasing in ( , 0 ) \implies f'(x)>0 \forall x>0\implies \text{f(x) is increasing in} (0,\infty)\\ \text{and} ~f'(x)<0 \forall x<0\implies \text{f(x) is decreasing in}(-\infty,0) And therefore has a global minima at x = 0 x=0 . f ( 0 ) = 1 f(0)=\boxed 1 Which is the required minimum value of f ( x ) f(x)


N O T E : \mathbf{NOTE:-} ( 1 ) . x 2 > 0 2 x 2 > 1 2 x 2 + 1 > 2. \mathbf{(1).}~x^2>0\implies 2^{x^2}>1 \implies 2^{x^2}+1>2. And hence blue term is always positive.

Here's a way I first approached the problem and got it wrong.. :-) ( 2 ) . ( 2 x 2 + 1 + 2 2 x 2 + 1 ) 2 \mathbf{(2).} \color{#456461}{\left(2^{x^{2}}+1+\frac{2}{2^{x^{2}}+1}\right)}-2 Apply A M G M AM-GM on coloured terms to get minimum value as 2 ( 2 1 ) 2(\sqrt 2-1) but that's wrong since case for equality gives: 2 x 2 + 1 = 2 {2^{x^{2}}+1}=\sqrt 2 While we previously noted that 2 x 2 + 1 > 2 {2^{x^{2}}+1}>2 so A M G M AM-GM could not be applied this way and hence gives wrong result..


P.S:- Graphing calculator was also a option but I wanted to write a solution involving pure calculus..

Check f ( 0 ) = 1 f(0)=1 not 2 2

Yash Dev Lamba - 5 years, 3 months ago

Log in to reply

Typo ... BTW Nice question ... I got it right in the second attempt ;-)

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 3 months ago

f ( x ) < 0 f'(x)<0 for all x<0: small typo there

Anik Mandal - 5 years, 3 months ago

Log in to reply

Corrected.... :-)

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 3 months ago

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...