You are rolling a fair 6-sided dice 3 times. What is the probability that the first roll will be greater than each of the other two individually?
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Can someone explain what's wrong with my solution? I found probability of getting number x on first roll and then probability of getting numbers less than x and I took the sum of all those cases. Ex probability of 3 is 1/6 probability of numbers less than 3 is 1/36. I took the sum and got 20/216 then multiplied by 3 because u have three dice to get 60/216?
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I meant that the first player rolls a higher number than each of the other two individually. I've added clarification.
Probability= number of favourable outcomes ÷ total number of outcomes.
Total number of outcomes= 6×6×6= 216
Favourable outcomes include-
(2,1,1)
(3,1,1) (3,2,2) (3,1,2) (3,2,1)
(4,1,1) (4,2,2) (4,3,3) + 2(3C2)
(5,1,1) (5,2,2) (5,3,3) (5,4,4) + 2(4C2)
(6,1,1) (6,2,2) (6,3,3) (6,4,4) (6,5,5) + 2(5C2)
Now counting the number of favourable outcomes gives 17 + 2(3C2 + 4C2 + 5C2)
= 17 + 2(3+6+10) = 17+ 38 =55
Therefore the probability of this event is 55/216
55/216....as if 1st throw can be minimum 2 and second and third dice roll would be compulsory 1 (1/6 1/6 1/6)...similary if 1 st throw is 3 then second and third dice can be 1 or 2 (1/6 2/6 2/6)...similarly for if first throw is 4 then(1/6 3/6 3/6) as 2nd and 3 rd throw can take calue 1,2,3...so on till 1 st throw be 6... 1/6 1/6 1/6+1/6 2/6 2/6+1/6 3/6 3/6+1/6 4/6 4/6+1/6 5/6 5/6=55/216.
I've encountered this kind of problem before and I just use the property of the sequence it shows : 1 2 , 2 2 , . . . 5 2 . Thus, it has a pattern of sum of squares which is n × ( n + 1 ) × ( 2 n + 1 ) / 6 and divide it with the total space = 216 final answer would be 55/216
Let's take a look at all possible first rolls and consequent probability of getting a higher number.
If first roll is a 1,
Probability of getting a higher number in any one of the next rolls (POH) = 5/6.
Probability of getting a higher number in the next two rolls combined (POH^2) = 5/6 * 5/6 = 25/36.
If first roll is a 2,
POH = 4/6
POH^2 = 16/36.
For 3,4,5,6 we get 9/36, 2/36/, 1/36 and 0/36 as POH^2 respectively.
Adding all probabilities and taking average we get.
3 6 ∗ 6 2 5 + 1 6 + 9 + 4 + 1 + 0 = 2 1 6 5 5
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If you roll x the first time there are x − 1 valid options on each of the next two rolls and for both of the next two rolls to be valid there are ( x − 1 ) 2 combinations. There are 6 3 = 2 1 6 total options hence the answer is
2 1 6 1 n = 1 ∑ 6 ( n − 1 ) 2 = 2 1 6 1 n = 0 ∑ 5 n 2 = 2 1 6 1 6 5 ( 5 + 1 ) ( 2 ( 5 ) + 1 ) = 2 1 6 5 5