Bears Can Swim, Can't They?

Geometry Level 4

Without ever touching the equator, a bear somewhere in the Northern Hemisphere takes off towards North and travels straight without turning or curving for a great distance. Then he makes a 90 degree left turn and again travels straight for a great distance. Then he makes another 90 degree left turn and once again travels straight for a great distance. He finds himself right back to where he started from. What color is the bear?

Curving over the round Earth is okay, if the bear is to go anywhere. Just not curve left or right as he goes straight.

White This route is not mathematically possible Black or brown Color of bear cannot be determined

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1 solution

Michael Mendrin
Apr 15, 2014

Hint: A bear travelling straight without turning or curving right or left is traveling along a great circle, not to be confused with a typical latitude (except the equator, which is a great circle).

See graphic of Northern Hemisphere, with equator and North Pole. Spherical \textbf{See graphic of Northern Hemisphere, with equator and North Pole. Spherical} triangle PQR shown here has vertex angles ∠P = 20°, which is arbitrary, \textbf{triangle PQR shown here has vertex angles ∠P = 20°, which is arbitrary,} ∠Q = 90°, ∠R = 90°, and has great circle arcs PQ = 90°, QR = 20°, RP = 90° \textbf{∠Q = 90°, ∠R = 90°, and has great circle arcs PQ = 90°, QR = 20°, RP = 90°} Great circle arcs PQ and RP must necessarily extend 90° on the globe. \textbf{Great circle arcs PQ and RP must necessarily extend 90° on the globe.} The bear can start at P anywhere in the Northern Hemisphere, then travel \textbf{The bear can start at P anywhere in the Northern Hemisphere, then travel} towards the North Pole and then over it, continuing southward until he has \textbf{towards the North Pole and then over it, continuing southward until he has} traveled 90° on the great circle before turning left at Q, thence to R, turning \textbf{traveled 90° on the great circle before turning left at Q, thence to R, turning} left again, and returning to P. Since P can be anywhere in the Northern \textbf{left again, and returning to P. Since P can be anywhere in the Northern } Hemisphere, and if the bear’s color depends on its starting location P, then \textbf{Hemisphere, and if the bear's color depends on its starting location P, then} its color cannot be determined. \textbf{its color cannot be determined.}

but at northern hemispher mostly white polar bears are found

Rachit Goel - 7 years, 1 month ago

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So, we can find white polar bears at the Bahamas?

Michael Mendrin - 7 years, 1 month ago

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Yes we can

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John M. - 6 years, 7 months ago

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