BFraction 2

Geometry Level 3

P , Q , R , S P, Q, R, S are the midpoints of the corresponding sides of square A B C D . ABCD.

What fraction of the square is shaded blue?

1 3 \frac13 1 2 \frac12 3 5 \frac35 2 3 \frac23

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1 solution

Tom Engelsman
Oct 26, 2020

Let the square have side length s s , and let the corner D D be situated at the origin of the x y xy- plane. Congruent right triangles A D P ADP and B C R BCR each have area: A 1 = 1 2 ( s ) ( s / 2 ) = s 2 4 . A_{1} = \frac{1}{2}(s)(s/2) = \frac{s^2}{4}.

Let X X be the intersection point of segments B R BR ( y = 2 x s y=2x-s ) and D S DS ( y = 1 2 x y=\frac{1}{2}x ) , or x = 2 3 s , y = 1 3 s X ( 2 3 s , 1 3 s x = \frac{2}{3}s, y = \frac{1}{3}s \Rightarrow X(\frac{2}{3}s, \frac{1}{3}s ). Triangle D R X DRX can be computed according to:

A 2 = 1 2 D R R X sin D R X = 1 2 ( s / 2 ) ( 2 / 3 1 / 2 ) 2 + ( 1 / 3 0 ) 2 s sin ( π arcsin ( 2 / 5 ) ) = 1 2 5 6 s 2 2 2 5 = s 2 12 . A_{2} = \frac{1}{2}|DR||RX|\sin \angle DRX = \frac{1}{2}(s/2)\cdot \sqrt{(2/3 - 1/2)^2 + (1/3 - 0)^2}s \cdot \sin(\pi - \arcsin(2/\sqrt{5})) = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{5}}{6} \cdot \frac{s^2}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{\sqrt{5}} = \frac{s^2}{12}.

By exploiting symmetry, the blue area calculates to:

A b l u e = 2 A 1 + 2 A 2 = 2 ( s 2 4 + s 2 12 ) = 2 3 s 2 . A_{blue} = 2A_{1}+2A_{2} = 2(\frac{s^2}{4} + \frac{s^2}{12}) = \boxed{\frac{2}{3} s^2}.

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