Big Derivative

Calculus Level 2

Evaluate the 25th derivative of x 3 sin ( x 2 ) at x = 0. x^3\sin(x^2) \text{ at } x = 0.

Hint: Start with the Maclaurin series for sin ( x ) \sin(x) to obtain a series for sin ( x 2 ) \sin(x^2) and then for x 3 sin ( x 2 ) . x^3 \sin(x^2).

0 0 25 ! 9 ! \frac{25!}{9!} 25 ! 11 ! \frac{25!}{11!} 25 ! 11 ! -\frac{25!}{11!}

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1 solution

Andrew Ellinor
Oct 5, 2015

Start by constructing the Taylor series for x 3 sin ( x 2 ) x^3\sin(x^2) centered at x = 0 x = 0 . x 3 sin ( x 2 ) = x 3 n = 0 ( 1 ) n ( x 2 ) 2 n + 1 ( 2 n + 1 ) ! = n = 0 ( 1 ) n x 4 n + 5 ( 2 n + 1 ) ! x^3\sin(x^2) = x^3\sum_{n = 0}^{\infty} (-1)^n \frac{(x^2)^{2n + 1}}{(2n + 1)!} = \sum_{n = 0}^{\infty} (-1)^n \frac{x^{4n + 5}}{(2n + 1)!}

Note that, at x = 0 x = 0 , all terms in the power series having a power less than 25 will become 0 by virtue of differentiating them 25 times. Furthermore, all terms in the power series having a power larger than 25 will become 0 by virtue of differentiating them 25 times and plugging in 0. However, the term corresponding to x 25 x^{25} will not vanish after taking 25 derivatives and plugging in 0. Rather, the 25th derivative of x 25 x^{25} is 25 ! 25! . We examine the term in the Taylor series corresponding to n = 5 n = 5 , which is x 25 11 ! -\frac{x^{25}}{11!} . We take its derivative 25 times and obtain 25 ! 11 ! -\frac{25!}{11!} .

Also, when n=25, the value is negative. There was only one negative answer

האל גליק - 1 year, 7 months ago

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