Birthday special 2

Calculus Level 5

Let x x be a positive real number. Define A = k = 0 x 3 k ( 3 k ) ! , B = k = 0 x 3 k + 1 ( 3 k + 1 ) ! , and C = k = 0 x 3 k + 2 ( 3 k + 2 ) ! . A =\displaystyle\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \dfrac{x^{3k}}{(3k)!}, \quad B = \displaystyle\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \dfrac{x^{3k+1}}{(3k+1)!}, \quad\text{and}\quad C = \displaystyle\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \dfrac{x^{3k+2}}{(3k+2)!}. Given that A 3 + B 3 + C 3 + 8 A B C = 2014 A^3+B^3+C^3 + 8ABC = 2014 , compute A B C ABC .


The answer is 183.

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1 solution

Pradeep Maurya
May 15, 2015

Using ω = e 2 π i 3 \omega = e\displaystyle ^{\frac{2\pi i}{3}} and series expansion e x = k = 0 x k k ! e^x = \displaystyle \sum_{k = 0}^{\infty} \frac{x^k}{k!} we can combine these series via following relations

A + B + C = e x A+B+C = e^x A + ω B + ω 2 C = e ω x A+\omega B + \omega^2 C = e^{\omega x} A + ω 2 B + ω C = e ω 2 x A+\omega^2 B + \omega C = e^{\omega^2 x} Now A 3 + B 3 + C 3 3 A B C = ( A + B + C ) ( A + ω B + ω 2 C ) ( A + ω 2 B + ω C ) A^3+B^3+C^3-3ABC = (A+B+C)(A+\omega B + \omega^2 C)(A+\omega^2 B + \omega C) = e ( 1 + ω + ω 2 ) x = e 0 = 1 = e^{(1+\omega+\omega^2)x} = e^{0} = 1 i.e A 3 + B 3 + C 3 = 1 + 3 A B C A^3+B^3+C^3 = 1+3ABC Putting this value in the given relation we get 1 + 3 A B C + 8 A B C = 2014 1+3ABC+8ABC = 2014 Hence A B C = 183 ABC = \boxed{183}

If anyone is curious, here are approximate values for A , B , C a n d x A,B,C \quad and \quad x :

A = 5.5535355 B = 5.8296115 C = 5.6523632 x = 2.8353 A=5.5535355\quad B=5.8296115\quad C=5.6523632\quad x=2.8353

Bob Kadylo - 5 years, 4 months ago

Did the same except that I did the ABC part with a longer method! Nice!

Kartik Sharma - 6 years ago

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