Let f ( x ) = x 2 + 1 0 x + 2 0 , find the number of real solutions satisfying f ( f ( f ( f ( x ) ) ) ) = 0
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Solutions are more then two, but degenerate in only two values
f ( x ) = a , f ( f ( x ) ) = f ( a ) = b , f ( f ( f ( x ) ) ) = f ( b ) = c s o f ( f ( f ( f ( x ) ) ) ) = f ( f ( b ) ) = f ( c ) = c 2 + 1 0 c + 2 0 = 0 t h e n c 2 + 1 0 c + 2 0 = 0 c 1 = − ( 5 + 5 ) , c 2 = 5 − 5 . T h e n w e s o l v e j u s t f o r b a n d w e g e t t w o s o l u t i o n s b e c a u s e t h e e q u a t i o n t s h a v e t h e s a m e r e s u l t o n e h a s t w o r o o t s t h e o t h e r h a s n o r e a l r o o t s s o i n t h e e n d w e h a v e 2 r e a l r o o t s x 1 = − ( 1 6 5 + 5 ) , x 2 = 1 6 5 − 5
Nice solution and font
Same solution!
Let c be a solution to the original expression. Therefore f(c)=f(f(f(f(x)))). Applying this method recursively you get 2 solutions.
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The equation can be written as f ( x ) = ( x + 5 ) 2 − 5
now f ( f ( x ) ) = ( x + 5 ) 4 − 5 f ( f ( f ( x ) ) ) = ( x + 5 ) 8 − 5 f ( f ( f ( f ( x ) ) ) ) = ( x + 5 ) 1 6 − 5 = p ( x )
It can easily be seen that p ( x ) = 0 has 2 real solns.
Aliter : One can even plot the graph.Its amazing!Really.
Note : We can show that ( x + 5 ) 1 6 − 5 = 0 has only 2 real roots by considering plotting a graph of y = x 1 6 and a straight line y = 5 .