See Part I of the problem here .
Five fair six-sided dice are rolled. The probability that the sum of the numbers facing up is less than or equal to can be expressed as , where and are coprime positive integers.. Find .
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The number N n of ways in which five distinguishable dice can show a total of n is the coefficient of x n in the polynomial ( x + x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + x 5 + x 6 ) 5 = ( 1 − x x ( 1 − x 6 ) ) 5 = x 5 ( 1 − x 6 ) 5 ( 1 − x ) − 5 = x 5 ( 1 − 5 x 6 + 1 0 x 1 2 − ⋯ ) ( 1 − x ) − 5 and hence, since ( 1 − x ) − 5 = n ≥ 0 ∑ ( 4 n + 4 ) x n ∣ x ∣ < 1 we have N n = ⎩ ⎨ ⎧ ( 4 n − 1 ) ( 4 n − 1 ) − 5 ( 4 n − 7 ) ( 4 n − 1 ) − 5 ( 4 n − 7 ) + 1 0 ( 4 n − 1 3 ) 5 ≤ n ≤ 1 0 1 1 ≤ n ≤ 1 6 1 7 ≤ n ≤ 2 2 which is enough to calculate n = 5 ∑ 2 1 N n = n = 0 ∑ 1 6 ( 4 n + 4 ) − 5 n = 0 ∑ 1 0 ( 4 n + 4 ) + 1 0 n = 0 ∑ 4 ( 4 n + 4 ) = 6 5 9 4 making the desired probability 6 5 6 5 9 4 = 1 2 9 6 1 0 9 9 giving the answer 1 0 9 9 + 1 2 9 6 = 2 3 9 5 .