In order to boil an amount of water, people can use 2 resistors with resistance , respectively.
If is only used, it will take 10 minutes to boil.
If is only used, it will take 15 minutes to boil.
If both resistors are used in parallel, how many minutes will it take to boil the water?
Note: The voltage is the same in all setups.
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Let the applied voltage be V and the heat required to boil the water be H . So when R 1 is used:
H = I 1 2 R 1 t 1
And when R 2 is used:
H = I 2 2 R 2 t 2
Now, since the source voltage is the same:
V = I 1 R 1 = I 2 R 2
Using this result in the Heat expressions:
H = R 1 V 2 t 1 = R 2 V 2 t 2 R 1 = H V 2 t 1 R 2 = H V 2 t 2
Now, if R 1 and R 2 are connected in parallel, their equivalent resistance is:
R = ( R 1 1 + R 2 1 ) − 1
Plugging in expressions for R 1 and R 2 : R = H ( t 1 + t 2 ) V 2 t 1 t 2
Rearranging gives:
H = R V 2 ( t 1 + t 2 t 1 t 2 )
So, the heat required is the power supplied by the source times the time taken to heat the water. The required time is therefore:
t = t 1 + t 2 t 1 t 2 = 6 m i n