Consider a bowl, a hollow hemisphere, with an inner radius of 5 cm and a thickness of 2.5 mm . The mass density of the bowl is modeled by ρ ( x , y , z ) = 1 0 5 z in kg/m 3 . If the bowl is filled to the brim with water, calculate the total mass of the bowl and water in grams ( g ), rounded to the nearest whole number. The density of water is 1000 kg/m 3 .
For the bowl, the origin of the coordinate system is at the center of the sphere of which the bowl is the lower hemisphere. If you get a negative mass value, take the absolute value.
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I just made up a function and multiplied it by a large number so it didn't end up having a mass of like 1 m g .
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Alright. It is a nice problem, however. Thanks for posting
If I convert the density function to g/cm^3, I get the mass of the bowl to be 10579g. Can someone explain why I can't integrate using r = 5 to 5.25? @Charley Feng
the dimensions of the density function need to be dimensionally consistent with kg/m 3 . Since you are using cm , and 1 m 3 = ( 1 × 1 0 − 2 c m ) 3 = 1 0 − 6 c m 3 , you also need to multiply k g by 1 0 − 6 which gives you the units of m g / c m 3 . However, correct me if I'm wrong, this will make your answer 1 0 5 7 9 m g which will be 1 0 . 5 7 9 which is a tenth of the correct answer. You can actually integrate with any units as long as you account for conversion factors and are dimensionally consistent.
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This was a bit messy in terms of calculations. Here is my shot at it:
Density is:
ρ = 1 0 0 0 0 0 z
Converting to spherical coordinates gives:
x = r sin θ cos ϕ y = r sin θ sin ϕ z = r cos θ
The volume element in spherical coordinates is:
d V = r 2 sin θ d r d θ d ϕ
For the bowl the mass in kilograms is:
d M = ρ d V ⟹ M B = 1 0 5 ∫ 0 . 0 5 0 . 0 5 + 1 0 0 0 2 . 5 ∫ π / 2 π ∫ 0 2 π r 3 sin θ cos θ d ϕ d θ d r M B = 1 0 2 4 0 0 0 3 4 4 8 1 π
The mass of water in kilograms is:
M W = 1 0 0 0 ( 3 2 π ( 1 0 0 5 ) 3 ) = 3 0 0 0 2 5 0 π
The answer in kilograms is the sum of M B and M W and that is converted to grams. The required answer is 3 6 8 .
The given density function is strange. If one were to treat a hollow sphere of same inner and outer radius and attempt to calculate its mass, mathematically, it would evaluate to zero.