The probability that a certain boxer wins in any match is . He joined a boxing tournament and has 5 matches. Find the probability that he wins at most twice.
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Since there are 5 matches, we consider all the result of his first match until the fifth match. He wins at most twice if after 5 matches he has zero win or one win or two wins.
p = probability of winning = 3 2
q = probability of losing = 1 - 3 2 = 3 1
n = number of matches
r = number of exact wins
P = ( 3 1 ) 5 + 5 C 1 ( 3 2 ) 1 ( 3 1 ) 4 + 5 C 2 ( 3 2 ) 2 ( 3 1 ) 3 = 2 4 3 1 + 2 4 3 1 0 + 2 4 3 5 1 = 8 1 1 7