Brain works 2

Algebra Level 2

f ( 1 999 ) + f ( 2 999 ) + f ( 3 999 ) + + f ( 998 999 ) f\left(\frac1{999}\right) + f\left(\frac2{999}\right)+f\left(\frac3{999}\right)+ \cdots + f\left(\frac{998}{999}\right)

If f ( x ) = 1 f ( 1 x ) f(x) = 1 -f(1-x) for all real x x , evaluate the expression above.


The answer is 499.

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4 solutions

Tasmeem Reza
Dec 30, 2014

f ( x ) = 1 f ( 1 x ) f ( x ) + f ( 1 x ) = 1 \quad \; f(x)=1-f(1-x) \\ \rightarrow f(x)+f(1-x)=1

The form of the function tells us that, Gaussian pairing tool might be useful here.

Let, S = f ( 1 999 ) + f ( 2 999 ) + f ( 3 999 ) + . . . + f ( 997 999 ) + f ( 998 999 ) S = f(\frac{1}{999})+f(\frac{2}{999})+f(\frac{3}{999})+...+f(\frac{997}{999})+f(\frac{998}{999}) S = f ( 998 999 ) + f ( 997 999 ) + f ( 996 999 ) + . . . + f ( 2 999 ) + f ( 1 999 ) \ \\ \rightarrow S = f(\frac{998}{999})+f(\frac{997}{999})+f(\frac{996}{999})+...+f(\frac{2}{999})+f(\frac{1}{999})

With addition, 2 S = ( f ( 1 999 ) + f ( 998 999 ) ) + ( f ( 2 999 ) + f ( 997 999 ) ) + . . . + ( f ( 998 999 ) + f ( 1 999 ) ) . = a = 1 998 ( f ( a ) + f ( 1 a ) ) = a = 1 998 1 = 998 2S = (f(\frac{1}{999})+f(\frac{998}{999})) + (f(\frac{2}{999})+f(\frac{997}{999})) + ... + (f(\frac{998}{999})+f(\frac{1}{999})) \\ . \\ \quad = \sum_{a=1}^{998} (f(a)+f(1-a)) \\ \quad = \sum_{a=1}^{998} 1 = 998

Thus we get, 2 S = 998 S = 499 2S=998 \rightarrow S=\boxed{499} which is the desired answer.

Giovanni Buffon
Jun 23, 2019

a(n) = a + d(n-1)

998 999 \frac{998}{999} = 1 999 \frac{1}{999} + 1 999 \frac{1}{999} (n-1), n = 998, which can easily be seen has 998 terms as the function is the complement of the complement or itself. ex. f( 1 999 \frac{1}{999} ) = 1 999 \frac{1}{999}

S = 998 2 \frac{998}{2} (2( 1 999 \frac{1}{999} )+(998-1) 1 999 \frac{1}{999} )

S = 499

Deepanshu Dhruw
Jan 15, 2017

Noel Cruz
Nov 15, 2016
  • 998 x 999 2 \frac{998x999}{2} = 498501 999 \frac{498501}{999} =499

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