Too Many Terms For A Last Digit

1 ! + 2 ! + 3 ! + + 100 ! 1!+2!+3!+\cdots + 100!

What is the last digit in the expression above?


The answer is 3.

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7 solutions

Pratyush Pushkar
Jan 15, 2016

1! = 1 (units digit 1) 2! = 2 (ud 2) 3! = 6 (ud 6) 4! = 24 (ud 4) 5!, 6!.... the units digit will be 0 because all the terms will include 5x2=10

units digit of 1!+2!+... will be 1+2+6+4+0+0+0.... = 3

Exactly same way

Mateus Gomes - 5 years, 5 months ago
Harshendu Mahto
Jan 17, 2016

1! + 2! + 3! + 4! = 1 + 2 + 6 + 24 = 33

Then, 5! = 120

From 5 onwards all positive integers have factorials ending with 0.

So, the last term will definitely be 3.

n ! n! is defined as: n ! = n × ( n 1 ) × ( n 2 ) × 3 × 2 × 1 n!=n\times (n-1)\times(n-2)\times\cdots 3\times 2\times 1 Now observe that if n 5 n\geq5 : n ! = n × ( n 1 ) × ( n 2 ) × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 n!=n\times (n-1)\times(n-2)\times\cdots \color{#3D99F6}{5}\times 4 \times 3\times \color{#D61F06}{2}\times 1 Those 5 and 2 multiply to give 10.And any number multipied by 10 will have last digit 0.Hence: n ! will have last digit 0 iff n 5 \boxed{n!\; \text{will have last digit 0 iff}\; n\geq 5} Now we can clearly see that all the factorials from 5 ! 5! upto 100 ! 100! will have last digit 0,which implies that their sum also has last digit 0.Hence we just need to compute the last digit of 1 ! + 2 ! + 3 ! + 4 ! = 33 1!+2!+3!+4!=33 hence the last digit is 3 \boxed{3}

Dawn Zachow
Dec 25, 2020

5! Is 120 the last digit of 120 is 0 4! Is 24 the last digit of that is 4 so we add that to the last digit of 3!=6 2!=2 and 1!=1 so we do 4+6+2+1 witch is 13 and the last digit of 13 is 3 so the answer is 3

Ryan Garvey
Jan 22, 2016

Look at residues mod10.

(1!) mod10 = 1
(2!) mod10= 2
(3!) mod10=6
(4!) mod10=4
(5!) mod10=0



since 6!=6*5! and 5! mod10=0, we have that 6! mod10=0. The same holds for every term until 100!. Thus all we have to sum are:

1+2+6+4 = 3mod10.

So the units digit is 3.

Moderator note:

Great observation!

Mohtasim Nakib
Jan 20, 2016

For k > 4 , unit digit of k! = 0 so the 1!+2!+3!+4! = 33 and unit digit is 3.

Achille 'Gilles'
Jan 19, 2016

1!+2!+3!+4! = 33

After that every factorial contain the product of 2 and 5 therefore is going to finish by 0 so the last digit is 3.

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