Building Pyramids

Geometry Level 3

Start with a regular tetrahedron. On each of the faces build an identical regular three-sided pyramid so that the face of the tetrahedron is its base and the top of the pyramid is positioned directly outward from the center of the face. The height of the pyramids should be such that for each pair of adjacent pyramids their triangular sides lay in the same plane and create a single quadrilateral face. (The edge of the original tetrahedron will now be a diagonal in this quadrilateral.)

Find the measure of the smallest of the internal angles of this quadrilateral in degrees.


The answer is 90.

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

2 solutions

Marta Reece
Dec 22, 2016

The solid generated by this process is a cube, the quadrilateral is a square, and the smallest internal angle is 90 degrees.

This is easier seen going backward, starting with a cube and cutting off four pyramid-shaped corners.

But if you don't see it, you can start with the tetrahedron and grow pyramids as suggested. The resulting quadrilateral has to be a diamond, due to symmetry. So proving that both diagonals are the same length will prove that it is a square. The above is a projection of the tetrahedron into the plane of its base. All lengths and angles below are in this plane. The length of the side of the tetrahedron is arbitrarily picked to be 2. x x is from a right triangle given by s i n ( 60 ) = 1 2 x sin(60)=\frac{1}{2x} , therefore x = 1 2 × s i n ( 60 ) x=\frac{1}{2\times sin(60)} . y y is from another right triangle y = x × t a n ( 60 ) = 1 2 × c o s ( 60 ) = 1 y=x\times tan(60)=\frac{1}{2\times cos(60)}=1 . y y is half of the diagonal, so the entire diagonal is 2. (Since y y is horizontal, it is not distorted.) The other diagonal, 2 x 2x in the image, is distorted, but we know it's length. It is the length of the side of the tetrahedron, therefore also 2.

The images help immensely with the visualization :)

Calvin Lin Staff - 4 years, 5 months ago
Michael Mendrin
Dec 31, 2016

This would have created a polyhedron of 8 vertices, 12 edges, and 6 faces. What could that be? A cube, if it possesses tetrahedral symmetry.

True, my solutions were posted primarily for those who do not see this. Also, just because it has to be a cube doesn't mean that it's not interesting to see just how the cube comes about.

Marta Reece - 4 years, 5 months ago

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...