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Algebra Level 2

20 + 14 2 3 + 20 14 2 3 = ? \large\sqrt[3]{20+14\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt[3]{20-14\sqrt{2}} = \ ?

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4 8 1 2

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4 solutions

Ravi Dwivedi
Jul 12, 2015

Method 1: Let x = 20 + 14 2 3 + 20 14 2 3 x=\sqrt[3]{20+14\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt[3]{20-14\sqrt{2}}\\ x 20 + 14 2 3 20 14 2 3 = 0 x-\sqrt[3]{20+14\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt[3]{20-14\sqrt{2}} =0\\

Using the fact that a + b + c = 0 a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = 3 a b c a+b+c=0 \implies a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc we get x 3 ( 20 + 14 2 ) ( 20 14 2 ) = 3 x ( 20 + 14 2 3 ) ( 20 14 2 3 ) x^3-(20+14\sqrt{2})-(20-14\sqrt{2})=3x(\sqrt[3]{20+14\sqrt{2}})(\sqrt[3]{20-14\sqrt{2}}) x 3 40 = 3 x 400 392 3 \implies x^3-40=3x\sqrt[3]{400-392} x 3 40 = 6 x \implies x^3-40=6x x 3 6 x 40 = 0 \implies x^3-6x-40=0

Since from the given options we know that it has one of the roots among 1 , 2 , 4 , 8 1,2,4,8 we check these and get that 4 4 is a rational root of the above cubic.

x 3 6 x 40 = ( x 4 ) ( x 2 + 4 x = 10 x^3-6x-40=(x-4)(x^2+4x=10

Since the roots of x 2 + 4 x + 10 x^2+4x+10 are non real complex and x x is the rum of two purely real numbers, only value it can take is 4 4 .

So x = 4 x=\boxed{4} is the answer.

METHOD 2: BASED ON LUCK

Observe that the quantities under the cube roots are the cubes of 2 + 2 2+\sqrt{2} and 2 2 2-\sqrt{2} and we get directly our answer.

But this is my point of view when posing the question and is merely a lucky strike for the solver. So follow method 1

Moderator note:

Nice approach with 1.

For 2, what we should do is set 20 + 14 2 = ( a + b 2 ) 3 20 + 14 \sqrt{2} = ( a + b \sqrt{2} ) ^3 , get 2 degree 3 equations and solve (a degree 6 polynomial) to get the real root a = 2 , b = 1 a = 2, b = 1 .

Ravikumar Vikram
Jul 21, 2015

time saving method

1) 14root(2) approx=19.6

2)cuberoot(39.6)+cuberoot(.4)

3)approx (3.something) +(.something) = only one option near this value=4

Huân Lê Quang
Jul 13, 2015

Get a look! We can see that (20+14sqrt(2)) = (2+sqrt(2))^3 (20- 14sqrt(2)) = (2-sqrt(2))^3 So the expression becomes: 2+sqrt(2)+2-sqrt(2) = 4 P.S : Sorry because I can't use LaTex

Advay Pal
Jul 22, 2015

The options suggest that the values inside the roots are perfect cubes. Using the formulae of (a+b)^3 and (a-b)^3 we get a^3 + 3ab^2 =20 (1) b^3 + 3ba^2=14root2 (2) Take 'a' common in equation 1 and 'b' common in equation 2. It is clear that 'a' is rational and 'b' is a multiple of root 2. As 'a' is rational, it has to be a factor of 20. It is then easy to see that the value of 'a' is 2('b' comes out as root2). Hence the answer is (a+b)+(a-b) = 4

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