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Calculus Level 4

Let R R be the region bounded by y 0 y \geq 0 and between the two circles x 2 + y 2 = 1 x^2+y^2 = 1 and x 2 + y 2 = 9 x^2+y^2=9 . What is the value of R ( 3 x + 4 y 2 ) d A ? \iint_R(3x+4y^2)\ dA ?


The answer is 125.66370614.

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2 solutions

Arjen Vreugdenhil
Jun 14, 2016

The first term, R 3 x d A = 0 \int\int_R 3x\:dA = 0 because the integrand is odd in x x and the region of integration is symmetric under x x x \leftrightarrow -x .

The second term I evaluate using polar coordinates. R f ( x , y ) d x = 1 3 d r 0 π r d θ f ( r , θ ) = 1 3 d r 0 π r 4 r 2 sin 2 θ = 4 ( 1 3 r 3 d r ) ( 0 π sin 2 θ d θ ) = 4 1 4 r 4 1 3 1 2 π = 40 π . \int\int_R f(x,y)\:dx = \int_1^3 dr\:\int_0^\pi r\:d\theta\:f(r,\theta) \\ = \int_1^3 dr\:\int_0^\pi r\:4r^2\sin^2\theta \\ = 4 \left(\int_1^3 r^3\:dr\right)\left(\int_0^\pi \sin^2\theta\:d\theta\right) \\ = 4\cdot \left.\tfrac14r^4\right|_1^3\cdot \tfrac12\pi \\ = \boxed{40\pi}.

(Over an interval whose length is a multiple of π \pi , the average value of sin 2 θ \sin^2\theta is equal to 1 2 \tfrac12 . That makes it easy to evaluate the integral over θ \theta .)

Rory Bramley
Apr 16, 2014

I did it in polar co-ordinates. As x^2 + y^2 varies from 1 to 9, r must vary from 1 to 3. Theta varies from 0 to pi as we are only dealing with y>/= 0. Therefore it becomes the double integral over the aforementioned limits of 3r^2 cos(theta) + 4r^3cos^2(theta) which comes out as 40 pi or 126 to 3 significant figures.

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