‘Can be solved by most 13-year olds in China’-4

Algebra Level 3

Whole set
Given m 1 m = 3 , m-\frac{1}{m}=3, Find the value of m 4 + 1 m 4 m^4+\dfrac{1}{m^4} .


The answer is 119.

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1 solution

Jeff Giff
Mar 23, 2021

In order to make this question easier to solve, we should avoid finding the actual value of m m as it ends up difficult to compute. Therefore we can break it down:
m 4 + 1 m 4 = m 4 + 2 m 4 1 m 4 + 1 m 4 2 = ( m 2 + 1 m 2 ) 2 2. m^4+\frac{1}{m^4}=\color{#D61F06}m^4+2\cdot m^4\cdot \frac{1}{m^4} +\frac{1}{m^4}\color{#333333}-2=\color{#D61F06}(m^2+\frac{1}{m^2})^2\color{#333333}-2. See? The steps in red used the complete square formula to break the expression into terms of lower degrees. Next we need only find m 2 + 1 m 2 m^2+\frac{1}{m^2} .
m 2 + 1 m 2 = m 2 2 + 1 m 2 + 2 = ( m 1 m ) 2 + 2 = 3 2 + 2 = 11. m^2+\frac{1}{m^2}=m^2-2+\frac{1}{m^2}+2=(m-\frac{1}{m})^2+2=3^2+2=11. Plug this into the first equation to get m 4 + 1 m 4 = ( m 2 + 1 m 2 ) 2 2 = 1 1 2 2 = 119 m^4+\frac{1}{m^4}=(m^2+\frac{1}{m^2})^2-2=11^2-2=119 .

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