Can gauss save us?

The surface charge density σ \sigma of a non conducting disc of radius 'R' varies as σ = b r \sigma = br , where b is a positive constant and r is the distance from the centre of the disc.

Find the electric field caused by the disc at a point along the axis of the disc and a distance x from its centre.

Details and assumptions :

Find the absolute value of electric field at distance in SI units.

R = x = 1 m R = x = 1 m

b = 1 0 9 C m 3 b = 10^{-9} \dfrac{C}{m^{3}}

1 4 π ϵ 0 = 9 × 1 0 9 N m 2 C 2 \dfrac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_{0}} = 9\times 10^{9} \dfrac{Nm^{2}}{C^{2}}

ϵ 0 \epsilon_{0} is permittivity of free space.

Round off your answer to the nearest integer.

I Would advice not to use wolfram alpha for performing integration as it would be a nice exercise to evaluate that integral with hand


The answer is 10.

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4 solutions

E = 1 4 π ϵ 0 0 2 π 0 R b r r d θ d r x ( r 1 + 1 ) 3 2 E=\frac{1}{4\pi \epsilon_{0}}\displaystyle \int_{0}^{2\pi} \int_{0}^{R} \frac{b\cdot r \cdot r \cdot d\theta \cdot dr \cdot x}{(r^1+1)^{\frac{3}{2}}} E = b 4 π ϵ 0 0 2 π d θ 0 R r 2 ( r 2 + 1 ) 3 2 d r E=\frac{b}{4\pi \epsilon_{0}}\displaystyle \int_{0}^{2\pi}d\theta \int_{0}^{R} \frac{r^2}{(r^2+1)^{\frac{3}{2}}}dr E = 1 0 9 9 1 0 9 2 π 0 π 4 s i n 2 ( α ) c o s ( α ) d α E=10^{-9}\cdot 9\cdot 10^9 \cdot 2\pi \displaystyle \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{4}} \frac{sin^2(\alpha)}{cos(\alpha)}d\alpha E = 19 π ( 0 π 4 s e c ( α ) d α 0 π 4 c o s ( α ) d α ) E=19\pi \cdot (\displaystyle \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{4}} sec(\alpha)d\alpha - \displaystyle \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{4}} cos(\alpha)d\alpha) E = 18 π ( l n ( 2 + 1 ) 1 2 ) 10 E=18\pi(ln(\sqrt{2}+1)-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}) \approx 10

exactly same!!!

Ashutosh Sharma - 3 years, 5 months ago
Prince Loomba
Apr 17, 2016

2 × k × π × 0 x r × b r ( r 2 + x 2 ) 3 / 2 d r \times k \times \pi \times \int_{0}^{x} \frac{r \times br}{(r^{2}+x^{2})^{3/2}} dr = 10 = 10 at x = 1 x=1

did same (+1)!....nice problem bro!!

Samarth Agarwal - 4 years, 8 months ago

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Thanks!! :)

Prakhar Bindal - 4 years, 8 months ago

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How did gauss helped us here? I didn't found anywhere. I just used basic Electric field definition and integrated. Can you please help?

Md Zuhair - 3 years, 2 months ago

The electric field due to charged ring is

E = q z 4 π ϵ 0 ( z 2 + r 2 ) 3 2 \large E = \frac{qz}{4\pi\epsilon_0\cdot (z^2+r^2)^{\frac{3}{2}}}

So for a disk we have to integrate it over radius R

d E = z σ 2 π r d r 4 π ϵ 0 ( z 2 + r 2 ) 3 2 \large dE = \frac{z\sigma 2\pi r dr}{4\pi\epsilon_0\cdot (z^2+r^2)^{\frac{3}{2}}}

E = 0 R d E = 0 R z b r 2 π r d r 4 π ϵ 0 ( z 2 + r 2 ) 3 2 \large E=\int^R_0 dE = \int^R_0\frac{zbr \cdot2\pi r dr}{4\pi\epsilon_0\cdot (z^2+r^2)^{\frac{3}{2}}}

E = z b 2 π 4 π ϵ 0 0 R r 2 d r ( z 2 + r 2 ) 3 2 \large E=\frac{zb\cdot 2\pi}{ 4\pi\epsilon_0}\int^R_0\frac{r^2 dr}{ (z^2+r^2)^{\frac{3}{2}}}

Taking R = 1 , R=1, 1 4 π ϵ 0 = 9 × 1 0 9 \dfrac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_{0}} = 9\times 10^{9} , b = 1 0 9 b = 10^{-9} and z = 1 z=1 we get

E = 18 π 0 1 r 2 d r ( r 2 + 1 ) 3 2 \large E=18{\pi}\int^1_0 \frac{r^2dr}{(r^2+1)^{\frac{3}{2}}}

So the answer is 10 \boxed {10}

Anubhav Tyagi
Jun 17, 2016

thumbs up to u bro.. great problem!!!!

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