Can you tackle the sign change?

Calculus Level 5

Let 0 α < π 0\leq \alpha < \pi and define V n ( α ) V_n (\alpha) as the number of sign changes in the sequence 1 , cos ( α ) , cos ( 2 α ) , , cos ( n α ) . 1, \cos(\alpha), \cos(2\alpha) , \ldots , \cos(n\alpha) .

Compute lim n n α V n ( α ) \displaystyle \lim_{n\to\infty} \dfrac{n\alpha}{V_n (\alpha) } to two decimal places.


The answer is 3.14.

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1 solution

Rajdeep Brahma
Mar 27, 2018

So number of sign changes indicates number of roots...isn't it so??Now cos(x)=0 has general solution x= 2 m + 1 2 \frac{2m+1}{2} π \pi in interval (0,n α \alpha ]. Now 0< 2 m + 1 2 \frac{2m+1}{2} π \pi <=n α \alpha . 0<2m+1<(2n α \alpha )/ π \pi . (- 1 2 \frac{1}{2} )<m<=n α \alpha / π \pi - 1 2 \frac{1}{2} .So now well V n V_n ( α \alpha )=[n α \alpha / π \pi - 1 2 \frac{1}{2} ].Now this problem should be a cakewalk and final answer is nothing other than the mysterious π \pi . ([.] used in expression of Vn( α \alpha ) is GIF.)

Finally Solved it!

Md Zuhair - 2 years, 10 months ago

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ki super levelll

rajdeep brahma - 2 years, 10 months ago

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