( 1 + 5 z ) ( 4 z + 3 x ) ( 5 x + 6 y ) ( y + 1 8 ) z x y
Suppose the maximum value of the expression above for non-negative reals x , y and z is of the form r 1 for some r ∈ R . Find r .
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Wonderful solution! =D
where can i find a proof of the holder's inequality?
Oh that's nice!
We begin by establishing a series of inequalities:
⎩ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎨ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎧ 1 + 5 z = 1 + 3 5 z + 3 5 z + 3 5 z ≥ 4 4 2 7 1 2 5 z 3 4 z + 3 x = 4 z + x + x + x ≥ 4 4 4 x 3 z 5 x + 6 y = 5 x + 2 y + 2 y + 2 y ≥ 4 4 4 0 x y 3 y + 1 8 = y + 6 + 6 + 6 ≥ 4 4 2 1 6 y
Using these inequality on the original inequality gives:
( 1 + 5 z ) ( 4 z + 3 x ) ( 5 x + 6 y ) ( y + 1 8 ) x y z ≥ 2 5 6 4 1 6 0 0 0 0 x 4 y 4 z 4 x y z = 5 1 2 0 x y z x y z = 5 1 2 0 1
Now this minimum value occurs when x = 5 1 2 , y = 6 , z = 5 3 so we have:
r 1 = 5 1 2 0 1 ⟹ r = 5 1 2 0
What is the motivation for the seemingly random split of terms?
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We simply use a direct application of Holder's Inequality (Which made me wonder, why the high level?)
( ( 1 + 5 z ) ( 4 z + 3 x ) ( 5 x + 6 y ) ( y + 1 8 ) ) 4 1 ≥ ( ( 1 ) ( 4 z ) ( 5 x ) ( y ) ) 4 1 + ( ( 5 z ) ( 3 x ) ( 6 y ) ( 1 8 ) ) 4 1 (If you're wondering how the terms got multiplied, try pairing up the terms in such a way that each term gets x y z as a factor)
This simplifies to ( ( 1 + 5 z ) ( 4 z + 3 x ) ( 5 x + 6 y ) ( y + 1 8 ) ) 4 1 ≥ 4 ( 2 0 x y z ) 4 1
Raising both sides to the 4 th power gives us ( 1 + 5 z ) ( 4 z + 3 x ) ( 5 x + 6 y ) ( y + 1 8 ) ≥ 5 1 2 0 x y z
Obtaining the reciprocal of both sides then multiplying both sides by x y z gives us
( 1 + 5 z ) ( 4 z + 3 x ) ( 5 x + 6 y ) ( y + 1 8 ) z x y ≤ 5 1 2 0 1
So, our answer is 5 1 2 0 .
P.S. You can check whether equality can hold by the constraint that the ratios of the terms in the parentheses must be constant. Doing so yields x = 5 1 2 , y = 6 and z = 5 3 , which is our requirement for the minimum value.
Also, even if the variables can be equal to zero, and Holder's inequality only accepts positive reals, we cannot have a variable equal to zero, since the whole expression will be equal to zero, which is absolutely not a possible maximum.