Can you do it without calculus?

Algebra Level 4

For real x x , find the minimum value of 9 x 3 x + 1 \large 9^x - 3^x + 1 .

Enter your answer to 2 decimal places.


The answer is 0.75.

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3 solutions

f ( x ) = 9 x 3 x + 1 = 3 2 x 3 x + 1 = ( 3 x ) 2 3 x + 1 = ( 3 x 1 2 ) 2 + 3 4 f(x)=9^{x}-3^{x}+1=3^{2x}-3^{x}+1=(3^x)^{2}-3^{x}+1=(3^{x}-\dfrac{1}{2})^{2}+\dfrac{3}{4} . Since ( 3 x 1 2 ) 2 0 (3^{x}-\dfrac{1}{2})^{2} \ge 0 , minimum value of f ( x ) f(x) is 0 + 3 4 = 0.75 0+\dfrac{3}{4}=0.75 and it occurs when x = log 3 0.5 x=\log_{3}{0.5} .

Completing the square !!

Akshat Sharda - 5 years, 5 months ago

Sir please next time specify the number of decimal place because i keep on giving my answer in one decimal place and it rejects it

Benjamin ononogbu - 5 years, 5 months ago

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I had originally posted the question saying that "Enter your answer to 2 decimal places". But I guess that a moderator removed it. I have added it again. And please don't call me sir, I am only 14 years old :)

A Former Brilliant Member - 5 years, 5 months ago

Not a level 4 problem.I think highly rated.

Deepak Kumar - 5 years, 5 months ago

Let's call 3 x = y 3^{x} = y then 9 x 3 x + 1 = y 2 y + 1 9^{x} - 3^{x} + 1 = y^2 - y + 1 . Let f ( y ) = y 2 y + 1 f(y) = y^2 - y + 1 , this is a parabola "up" with absolut minimum for y = 1 2 y = \frac{1}{2} ( f ( y ) = 2 y 1 = 0 f '(y) = 2y - 1 =0 if and only if y = 1 2 y =\frac{1}{2} ) \Rightarrow the minimum is f ( 1 2 ) = 1 4 1 2 + 1 = 3 4 f(\frac{1}{2})= \frac{1}{4} - \frac{1}{2} + 1 = \boxed{\frac{3}{4}}

( y = 3 x = 1 2 x = log 3 0.5 = log 3 1 2 y = 3^{x} = \frac{1}{2} \Rightarrow x = \log_{3}{0.5} = \log_{3}{\frac{1}{2}} ) . Sorry, I didn't read the title.

No problem! It's just a challenge to try to do it without calculus. Nevertheless, Your solution is also nice!

A Former Brilliant Member - 5 years, 5 months ago
Paola Ramírez
Jan 8, 2016

m = 3 x f ( x ) = 9 x 3 x + 1 = m 2 m + 1 m=3^x \Rightarrow f(x)=9^x-3^x+1=m^2-m+1 , minimum value of f ( x ) f(x) is when m = 1 2 m=-\frac{1}{2} \therefore minimum value is ( 1 2 ) 2 1 2 + 1 = 3 4 (\frac{1}{2})^2 - \frac{1}{2}+1=\boxed{\frac{3}{4}}

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