can you find f

Algebra Level 2

Function f ( x ) f(x) for real x x satisfies the following:

f ( x + 1 ) + 2 f ( 1 x ) = 3 x 2 f(x+1)+2f(1-x)=3x-2

Find the expression of f ( x ) f(x) .

f ( x ) = 3 x 7 3 f(x) = 3x - \frac 73 f ( x ) = 2 3 x f(x)=2-3x f ( x ) = 7 3 3 x f(x)= \frac 73 - 3x f ( x ) = 3 x 5 f(x)=3x-5

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3 solutions

Patrick Corn
Oct 29, 2019

There is no need to assume that f f is linear. Just plug in x -x to the original equation to get f ( x + 1 ) + 2 f ( 1 x ) = 3 x 2 f ( x + 1 ) + 2 f ( 1 + x ) = 3 x 2 \begin{aligned} f(x+1) + 2f(1-x) &= 3x-2 \\ f(-x+1) + 2f(1+x) &= -3x-2 \end{aligned} Multiplying the second equation by 2 and subtracting the first from the second gives 3 f ( 1 + x ) = 9 x 2 , 3f(1+x) = -9x-2, and setting y = 1 + x y = 1+x gives 3 f ( y ) = 9 ( y 1 ) 2 f ( y ) = 3 ( y 1 ) 2 3 = 7 3 3 y . \begin{aligned} 3f(y) &= -9(y-1)-2 \\ f(y) &= -3(y-1)-\frac23 = \frac73-3y. \end{aligned} And it's clear that f ( y ) = 7 3 3 y f(y) = \frac73-3y satisfies the original equation, so we are done.

Chew-Seong Cheong
Oct 28, 2019

Assuming f ( x ) f(x) is a polynomial of x x , then f ( x ) f(x) on the RHS has the same degree as the LHS which is 1. Then we can write f ( x ) = a x + b f(x)=ax+b , where a a and b b are constants. Abd we have:

f ( x + 1 ) + 2 f ( 1 x ) = 3 x 2 a ( x + 1 ) + b + 2 ( a ( 1 x ) + b ) = 3 x 2 a x + 3 a + 3 b = 3 x 2 \begin{aligned} f(x+1) + 2f(1-x) & = 3x - 2 \\ a(x+1) + b + 2(a(1-x)+b) & = 3x - 2 \\ -ax + 3a + 3b & = 3x - 2 \end{aligned}

Equating the coefficients on both sides, we have: a = 3 a = -3 and 3 a + 3 b = 2 3a+3b = -2 b = 7 3 \implies b = \dfrac 73 . Therefore f ( x ) = 7 3 3 x f(x) = \boxed{\frac 73 - 3x} .

@Othmane Hrimou , you start and end LaTex code with \ ( \backslash( and \ ) \backslash) or \ [ \backslash[ and \ ] \backslash] . See the image below.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 1 year, 7 months ago
Yashas Ravi
Oct 28, 2019

Let f ( x ) = m x + b f(x)=mx+b . The equation can be written as the identity equation m x + m + b + 2 m 2 m x + 2 b = 3 x 2 mx+m+b+2m-2mx+2b=3x-2 , where m m is the slope and b b is the y y -intercept. m = 3 m=-3 and we can plug this back in to solve for b b , where 3 b 9 = 2 3b-9=-2 so b b is 7 3 \frac{7}{3} .

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